By Admin 
Ten years after the Paris Agreement was adopted, a latest UN report says countries are making progress in reducing greenhouse gas emissions but the pace is not enough to avoid the worst effects of climate change.
According to the ‘2025 Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) Synthesis Report’ released by UN Climate Change on Tuesday (October 28, 2025), 64 new national climate plans submitted between January 2024 and September 2025 will reduce emissions by about 17 percent compared to 2019 levels by 2035.
The report says this is real and growing progress, but “greater momentum” is still needed to achieve rapid and deep emissions reductions so that the benefits of strong climate action can reach all countries and people. Under the Paris Agreement, each country makes its own NDC i.e. climate action plan, in which targets for reducing emissions and measures to deal with the effects of climate change are decided.
The report shows that more than 90 percent of the countries missed the deadline of February 10, 2025 for submitting NDCs. The 64 countries that have submitted NDCs include the US, Russia, Japan, Brazil, Canada, Britain, Australia and Nigeria, while China, India, the European Union, Indonesia, Iran and Saudi Arabia have not yet submitted their plans.
UN Climate Change Executive Secretary Simon Steel said the figure shows both progress and the need for urgent action. He said, ‘After ten years we can say that the Paris Agreement is delivering real progress, but it needs to be faster and fairer.’
The report said 70 percent of countries have considered a just transition in their new NDCs, linking climate action to social protection and livelihoods. The report said that global temperature has increased by 1.3 degrees Celsius since the industrial era and to stay within the limit of 1.5 degrees Celsius, it is necessary to reduce emissions by 57 percent by 2035, which has become even more difficult.