By Admin 
How Gut Bacteria Cause Colon Cancer: Cancer cases are increasing rapidly across the world. Now American scientists have made an important discovery, which shows how some bacteria living in the intestine can increase the risk of colon cancer. This study has been published in the journal Science and for the first time it has been clearly explained how these bacteria damage the DNA of the body. Let us tell you how you are at risk of cancer.
How do bacteria cause harm?
Actually, some bacteria present in the intestine produce a toxin, which is called colibactin. This toxin is made by a special type of E. coli bacteria. Normally these bacteria are part of our gut microbiome and help in digestion, but in some situations they can also prove harmful. Scientists already knew that colibactin could damage DNA and might be linked to colorectal cancer. But it was not easy to study this toxin, because it is very unstable and breaks down quickly.
What came out in the new study?
In the new study, the researchers understood this toxin in detail with the help of modern techniques like mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. They found that colibactin targets specific parts of the DNA, not randomly. This toxin affects those parts of DNA where adenine and thymine are present in large quantities. Colibactin links the two strands of DNA together, which scientists call “interstrand cross-links.” Due to this, DNA is not copied or repaired properly, which can cause cancer.
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Why is this research important?
Research also revealed that this toxin sticks to a part of DNA called minor groove. Its chemical structure is such that it can cause much harm by fitting in exactly the right place. Scientists have described it as a “lock-and-key” mechanism. This discovery is also important because it helps us understand why similar DNA changes appear in patients with colorectal cancer.
Preparation to develop test
Experts believe that in future, on the basis of this information, such tests can be developed which can identify dangerous bacteria present in the intestine. Along with this, treatments may also be possible that prevent the formation of this toxin or eliminate it before it attaches itself to the DNA. Apart from this, work can also be done to reduce the risk by balancing the gut microbiome through diet, probiotics and other methods.
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Disclaimer: This information is based on research studies and expert opinion. Do not consider this as a substitute for medical advice. Before adopting any new activity or exercise, please consult your doctor or relevant specialist.
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