By Admin 
World Pre-Eclampsia Day: Every year 22 May is celebrated as World Pre-Aclampsia Day, aimed at spreading awareness about pre-Eclampsia during pregnancy. In this series, news agency IANS had a special conversation with Dr. Meera Pathak, Senior Medical Officer of CHC Bhangel, Noida. Dr. Pathak told the symptoms, causes and prevention measures of pre-eclampsia.
What are the symptoms of pre-eclampsia?
Dr. Pathak said that pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy related disorder which is seen in about five to eight percent of pregnant women. It is also called a silent killer because its symptoms are very subtle and do not come up until a fatal situation is formed. He said that if the blood pressure of the woman usually goes above 140/90 after 20 weeks of pregnancy, swelling in the body and the amount of protein in urin increases, then it is considered pre-alampsia. If any of these three symptoms are present, then immediate vigilance is necessary.
He said that the main reason for pre-eclampsia is the abnormalities in the placenta. Its risk factors include diseases like young age (below 18 years), older (over 40 years), first pregnancy, already hypertension, heart, langs, diabetes or thyroid, earlier pregnancy includes pre-eclampsia, twin or molar pregnancy, and more weight.
Most women do not have special symptoms- Dr. Pathak
Talking about diagnosis, Dr. Pathak said that most women have no specific symptoms, but high BP (140/90 or above) is found during regular examination. More symptoms include headaches, staining or dual vision, swelling in the hands and feet, upper abdominal pain, vomiting, weight gain more than four kilograms in a month, foam or volume decrease in urine. In severe cases, the patient may get seizures (Fits) or she can go into a coma.
Talking about the complications of pre-eclampsia, Dr. Pathak said that uncontrolled BP can lead to brain stroke, seizures, help (HELP) syndrome (bearing on liver, increasing bleeding tendency, platelet count event), heart failure, kidney failure and coma. This condition can be even more dangerous for the fetus – such as miscarriage, death of a baby in the womb, IUGR (intrauterine development retardation), lack of amniotic fluid and premature delivery.
What is its treatment?
Dr. Pathak said that the treatment of this condition starts mainly with blood pressure monitoring and protein tests. Also, lifestyle changes like morning walk, exercise, yoga, reducing stress are beneficial. Processed food, sugar, salt and oily food are advised to avoid. Blood pressure control medicines are also given as per requirement. But its definition is the only treatment delivery.
If the woman’s condition is stable and there is no organ damage, then pregnancy is taken safe for 37 weeks and then delivery is done, whether it is normal or caesarean. But if the patient’s condition deteriorates, blood pressure is not controlled, effects on organs start appearing or the patient starts getting seizures, then the doctors immediately do premature delivery to save the mother’s life.
Dr. Pathak said that sometimes the condition of pre-eclampsia can arise even after delivery. BP can usually increase within 48 hours of delivery and this condition may persist for six weeks. In such cases, there is a risk of high blood pressure disease in future.
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