A powerful earthquake of 7.1 magnitude on the Richter scale was recorded in the early hours of Saturday (11 October 2025) in the Drake Passage, located between South America and Antarctica. The earthquake occurred at 1:59 pm Indian time (IST). According to the National Center for Seismology (NCS), its center was at a depth of about 10 kilometers from the sea surface.

According to the report of Arab News, the epicenter of the earthquake was located at latitude 60.18° south and longitude 61.85° west. This area is commonly known for seismic activities as it is located at the junction of the South American and Antarctic tectonic plates. According to the US Geological Survey (USGS), the depth of the earthquake was about 10 kilometers. The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center and Chile’s maritime authority SHOA had initially issued a warning due to the threat of a possible tsunami, but canceled it after some time when the situation normalized.

Chile administration had warned

Chilean authorities warned of possible impacts to the Prat and O’Higgins military bases in Antarctica and the Cape Horn area. This area is located at the southernmost tip of South America.

All tsunami alerts were withdrawn within about an hour after the earthquake, which occurred at 5:30 pm local time (2030 GMT). Experts say that due to the deep and strong windy sea area of ​​Drake Passage, there is very little possibility of strong tsunami waves here.

Earthquake also occurred in the Philippine Sea

Earlier on Friday (10 October 2025), a powerful earthquake measuring 6.9 on the Richter scale was recorded in the Philippine Sea. The earthquake occurred at 4:42 pm (Indian time), the depth of which is said to be about 10 kilometers.

According to the National Center for Seismology (NCS), the epicenter of the earthquake was located at latitude 7.32° North and longitude 126.59° East. Since this area is under the sea, the tremors were also felt in the surrounding coastal areas.

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Russia antratica oil reserve: Russian scientists Antarctica Of Vedale 511 billion under the ocean Barrel Has claimed to have discovered the huge reserves of oil. If this claim is correct then it is not only Saudi Arabs rather than all known oil reserves of the world so far Is. Reports According to This is 10 times more than the production of 50 years of North Sea Is. Saudi Arabia is almost twice the oil reserves. This search Recent Russian scientific campaigns, which are considered to be affecting global geopolitical balance.

Vedale Sagar is such an area, Who Antarctica The ‘British region’ is under. Many countries have regional claims on this, UK It has generally been historically claiming this region. Argentina And Chile Also on this field overlapping There are regional claims. Now this oil discovery of Russia has deepened the already existing geopolitical complications. In the coming time Diplomatic Stress and resources race can be faster.

Antarctic Treaty and hovering over it

Antarctica To With Done in 1959 Antarctic Treaty There is a historical agreement, which protects the continent for peaceful scientific research. Complete on exploitation of military activities and resources Restriction Too Country Promote your regional claim No Will give However, Russia’s Recent Activities are being considered against the spirit of this treaty. Experts believe that if scientists Search If energy resources are being discovered in the name of this, it is an indirect violation of the treaty.

Russia-West Tension: New Front on the pretext of oil?

This discovery of oil has emerged at a time when Russia-Ukraine The confrontation between Russia and the West is already at its peak due to the war. Western countries suspect that Russia Antarctica Energy security and Strategic Can be used for dominance. This discovery made NATO and America Strategists Has worried that Antarctica Now future Of Become a new center of conflict Can Is.

What will be the growing presence of China, Russia’s partner?

China already Antarctica 5 scientific research in Base Has made His growing scientist and Strategic The activities are making the West uncomfortable. Russia and China grow Strategic Looking at the partnership, Experts Believe that these two countries Antarctic Can directly challenge the treaty. This step is a new global Polar Can start competition.

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Goa and Antarctica are located at two different ends of the world. The weather, situation and environment of both are completely different. Goa which is situated on the beach. Tourists come here to visit a lot. The pleasant weather, sea shore and beautiful view attracts people a lot here. There is Antarctica on one side. There is only snow all around here. It is much difficult to live in this place than the plains. But do you know that one thing is the same in Goa and Antarctica. The pin code number of these two places is similar. After all, let’s know why it is so.

Why one of Goa and Antarctica PIN Code is one?

If you want to post a letter in Antarctica, then write the PIN code number of Goa on it, it will reach Antarctica. Now you must be wondering what we are joking. But this is not a joke but true. Actually the pin code of Goa and Antarctica is the same. The PIN code of both opposite places is 403001. Actually it happened that in the year 1983, when India’s first research center was opened in South Gangotri Antarctica. A year later, a post office was opened in South Gangotri.

Where does the letter sent for Antarctica go

This was the first post office outside the Indian sub-continent. This post office was opened there so that the families of researchers can write a letter to them, but how will the letter reach there? This was a big question. The answer was that all such letters should be posted Goa. When you write PIN Code 403001 with Antarctica in the address of the letter, this letter will first go to ‘National Center for Polar and Ocean Research’ NRPor located in Port Town Vasco, Goa. After this, these letters are given to the researcher who is going to Antarctica.

Why NCPor goes letters

Letters are canceled and brought back to the research center. After this, it is returned through post. According to the officials, ‘cancellation’ has to be traced on the postage stamp or stationery, which is to eliminate the ticket or prevent the fir from reuse. Actually, NCPor in Goa is the center of Indian campaigns in Antarctica, so Goa’s PIN code is used in it.

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Antarctica is the coldest place in the world. According to NASA, its average temperature is -34 ° C. There are only two seasons here- one of winter, and the other is of summer. It lasts 6 months in summer, while in winter it is 6 months dark. But have you thought what exists under this part of the earth covered with thick sheets of snow? The new study says that under hundreds of meters thick ice, pointed mountains, valleys, and grounds are also present here! These include some transantructic mountains that have come out above the ice. But there are some such mysterious mountains like Gamburtsev Upahimand mountains, they are completely buried. They are present in the Middle East of Antarctica.

The Gamburtsev mountain height and shape are similar to the Alps mountains of Europe but we cannot see them because they are buried deep under a sheet of ice. The question comes to mind that how do they come here? Actually, any mountain range emerges at the place where two tectonic plates collide with each other. But East Antarctica has been stable for billions of years.

The new study published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters shows how this hidden ranges emerged 50 million years ago when the supermalary Gondwana was made up of the collision of Tactonic plates. The Gamburtsev mountains were first discovered by a Soviet campaign in 1958 using seismic techniques. Since this mountain range is completely covered with snow, it is one of the least deemed tectonic characteristics on Earth.

This is a very surprising thing for scientists. How did such a huge mountain range become, and how is still preserved in the heart of an ancient, stable continent? Plate tectonic models suggest that the crust that is now being built in East Antarctica came from at least two big continents before 70 million years. These continents were separated by a huge ocean basin. The confrontation of these land blocks led to the birth of Gondwana, a continent that included the present Africa, South America, Australia, India and Antarctica.

The new study supports the idea that the Gamburtsev mountain was formed for the first time during this confrontation. The huge collision of continents accelerated the flow of deep, partially melted rock under the mountains. As the crust became thick and hot during the mountain construction, it finally became unstable and started to sink under its own weight.

Most of the mountain ranges made of continental collisions are eventually destroyed due to erosion or their shape changes due to subsequent tectonic phenomena. Since the Gamburtsev mountains are protected by a deep layer of snow, these mountains are one of the best preserved ancient mountain belts on Earth.

Nasa video: Sea ice, which also protects it from global warming, is gradually decreasing on a large scale. This has been revealed in the research of NASA and National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). NASA has also shared a graphic video of this ice sheet continuously. This video is going to blow the senses.

NASA has also released data along with this video, which suggests that sea ice is melting rapidly on both poles of the earth. According to this, in the last 15 years, the sea ice of millions of square kilometers has disappeared in Arctic and Antarctica.

13 million square kilometers shortage
According to NASA, on March 22 this year, when the marine ice in Arctic should have been at its annual highest level, its volume remained just 5.53 million square miles (143 lakh sq km). This is the lowest winter snow ever. It has fallen below the lowest level of 5.56 million square miles (144 lakh square kilometers) of 2017.

Similarly, till March 1, sea ice in Antarctic was only 764,000 square miles (19.8 lakh sq km). This is equal to the second lowest level recorded so far. It is 30% less than ice of normal 1.10 million square miles (28 lakh square kilometers) in Antarctica before 2010. In recent years, new snow is becoming less. This year’s maximum ice cover was 510,000 square miles (13 lakh square kilometers) less than the average levels between 1981 and 2010.

Almost ice of India’s area disappears
Overall, the total amount of sea ice on the earth has reached the lowest level ever. Globally, snow coverage in mid -February this year has decreased by more than one million square miles (2.5 million square kilometers) from the average before 2010. That is, a large part of sea ice on earth has completely disappeared, which is as much as two-thirds of the area of ​​India.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=igaljjcocyc

A snow scientist Lynet Boisart at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, says that we are coming with low ice in this next summer season. This is not a good sign for the future. At the same time, a ice scientist at America’s National Snow and Ice Data Center has said that it is not yet clear whether the end of the snow sheet from the earth is a permanent pattern or it will return to the earlier level in the coming years.