In 2025, on one hand, Cyclone Montha is active in the Bay of Bengal, while on the other hand, Hurricane Melissa is also active in the Atlantic Ocean. Both are powerful ocean storms, which are creating destructive conditions like strong winds, torrential rains and possible floods. When a storm of wind rises over an ocean and starts tearing the sky with its speed, the question arises that what is its strength? This is not just a matter of fear or guesswork, but its strength is determined scientifically.

Every storm has its own ‘class’, which tells whether it is going to bring light rain or submerge the entire city. Let us know how the strength of a storm is estimated.

How to measure the strength of a storm

Scientists around the world use two major scales to measure the strength of hurricanes, the first is the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale, which is mainly applicable to the Americas, the Caribbean and the Atlantic Ocean. The second is the V-scale, which has been adopted in India, the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea areas.

What is the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale?

This scale ranges from 1 to 5 depending on the maximum sustained wind speed of any storm. In Category 1, the wind speed is around 119 to 153 kilometers per hour, it can cause minor damage. In Category 2, winds reach 154 to 177 km/hour. In this, roofs can blow away, trees can break. From Category 3 (178–208 km/h) the damage becomes serious. Category 4 (209–251 km/h) and Category 5 (above 252 km/h) are the levels where everything turns into disaster. This scale not only gives an idea of ​​the speed of the wind but also its impact i.e. possible property damage.

Varicel used in India

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) uses the varicella scale to measure the strength of storms. This scale is also divided into five categories – from V1 to V5. V1 represents the mildest storm, while V5 is the most dangerous. Storms in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea are measured on this scale. The idea behind this is that the marine conditions and climate in these areas are different from those of the western oceans, so a different parameter was necessary to suit local conditions.

How are data collected

Scientists estimate the center of the storm and its wind speed with the help of satellite images, weather buoys and aerial surveys. The data received from radar shows the direction and speed at which the winds are moving. This data decides in which category the storm will be placed.

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Disaster management teams in Odisha are on high alert due to cyclonic storm Montha in the Bay of Bengal. Regarding this, a warning of heavy rain has been issued in the state from October 27. According to India Meteorological Department (IMD), a severe cyclonic storm is expected to form in the Bay of Bengal today i.e. 26th October.

Chance of heavy rain in Andhra Pradesh

This cyclonic storm will intensify further and reach Kakinada in the coastal region of Andhra Pradesh between Machilipatnam and Kalingapatnam by the night of 28 October. Due to the cyclone, there is a possibility of heavy to very heavy rain at some places in Yanam and Rayalaseema in Andhra Pradesh from 27 to 28 October.

There is a possibility of heavy to very heavy rain in many districts of Odisha including Ganjam, Gajapati, Raigarh, Koraput and Malkangiri on October 28 and 29. Wind speed will increase up to 60-70 km/hr and in some districts winds can reach up to 80 km/hr. Light to moderate rainfall is expected at most places in Tamil Nadu during October 25 to 26 and heavy rain at some places on October 28.

Cold will increase in Delhi-NCR

It is now getting cold in Delhi-NCR. The night temperature has reached 16 degrees Celsius. Today on Sunday, the night of Greater Noida, Ghaziabad and Delhi is going to be very cold, because the minimum temperature here can be recorded up to 16 degrees Celsius. A forecast has been issued for the maximum temperature of entire Delhi NCR to be between 30 to 31 degrees Celsius on Sunday. At present, the level of pollution in Delhi NCR is gradually decreasing these days.

The air of many cities of UP is poisonous

In Uttar Pradesh, the air has become poisonous due to increasing pollution levels in many districts including Lucknow, Kanpur and Varanasi. The weather department has predicted rain in October. Due to rain, the temperature will decrease in different districts and cold will also increase. According to Lucknow Meteorological Centre, the weather is likely to remain dry on October 26 and 27, while on October 29, isolated rain drops may occur in eastern UP.

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Cyclone Montha, which is developing in the Bay of Bengal, is a tropical storm, which is likely to turn into a very severe cyclonic storm as it moves towards the coast of Andhra Pradesh. According to the Meteorological Department, this Montha cyclone can make landfall near Kakinada coast of Andhra Pradesh on the evening or night of Tuesday (October 28, 2025).

When and where will the cyclone likely collide?

The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) issued a warning saying that the pressure area formed in the Bay of Bengal may turn into a cyclone on the morning of Monday (October 27, 2025) and it is likely to hit the Andhra Pradesh coast near Kakinada between Machilipatnam and Kalingapatnam on the evening or night of Tuesday (October 28, 2025). The Meteorological Department said that this cyclone can also make landfall as a very severe cyclonic storm.

IMD has issued an alert for many states regarding this severe cyclone. The department said that due to this severe cyclone, there is a possibility of heavy to very heavy rain in Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and West Bengal.

Pressure area formed in East-Central Arabian Sea

The pressure area formed in the east-central Arabian Sea is moving in the north-northwest direction and on Saturday (October 25, 2025) it was located about 380 km west-northwest of Panaji in Goa, 400 km south-west of Maharashtra capital Mumbai, 620 km north-west of Mangaluru in Karnataka and 640 km north-northwest of Aminidivi in ​​Lakshadweep.

At the same time, according to the IMD report on Saturday (October 25, 2025), this cyclone is likely to move in an almost north-westerly direction in the next 24 hours and may cause heavy rains in Goa, Konkan, Gujarat and Kerala.

The Meteorological Department said that when this cyclone will hit near Kakinada coast of Andhra Pradesh in the evening or night of October 28, the wind speed will be 90 to 100 kilometers per hour, while the speed of gusts can reach up to 110 kilometers per hour.

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India was going to test the long-range missile in the Bay of Bengal between 15 and 17 October. However, it has been canceled now. For this, India had also declared a no fly zone in an area of ​​3,550 km. After this step, both America and China sent their spy ships to the Indian Ocean. The Government of India had issued NOTAM and declared the area as a danger area. India had not yet clarified which missile would be tested. Experts believed that it could have been a missile of the Agni series, which is capable of carrying out nuclear attacks.

Frequent changes in NOTAM range

India had increased the range of NOTAM issued for testing thrice in 72 hours. First it was kept at 1,480 km, then the next day it was increased to 2,520 km, and within 24 hours it was increased to 3,550 km. Its objective was to test a missile whose range was greater than previously estimated. The range of India’s Agni missile is 700 to 5,000 km. Recently, India tested the 2,000 km range Agni Prime missile, which has been developed by DRDO.

Why are America and China spying?

Chinese and American spy ships have reached near India’s test site in the Indian Ocean. China’s Yuan Wang 5 reached the Indian Ocean from Malaysia, while America’s Ocean Titan is present near the western coast of India. Experts say such ships are often deployed to collect missile test data and assess performance.

Experts said that India’s Agni series missiles are known as ‘China Killer’. Both the US and China have spy ships in the Indian Ocean, but India will continue its nuclear and long-range missile tests. Ocean Titan is used for American espionage and reconnaissance and is equipped with a state-of-the-art sonar system. This preparation of India is being considered an important step towards maintaining military and strategic balance among the regional powers.

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After Operation Sindoor, India has further increased its defense power. Under this, India has announced NOTAM (Notice to Airmen) in the Bay of Bengal for missile testing. This NOTAM will be effective from 15 to 17 October 2025, due to which a radius of 3550 kilometers has been declared as ‘No Fly Zone’. NOTAM and Maritime Security Notification has been issued regarding this.

Long-range ballistic missile may be tested

It is being told that there could be testing related to long-range ballistic missile, Agni series missile or any advanced strategic weapon system. The coordinates and area mentioned in the notification matches the missions that are used during India’s Agni series or cruise and hypersonic vehicle testing. Declaring an area more than 2000 km away as a no fly zone could mean that this time some new technology and better guidance system could be tested.

Testing will be done from Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Island

This test of India will not only give a new direction to the self-reliant defense capability, but the enemy will also be afraid to look towards India. Experts believe that India issues NOTAM regularly to ensure the safety of air and sea traffic. Usually DRDO and Strategic Forces Command (SFC) jointly carry out such operations. It is being told that this test will be conducted from Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Island (Odisha coast).

During Operation Sindoor, without using even 10 percent of its military power, India caused such a devastation in Pakistan that it will not be able to forget for centuries. At the same time, Air Force Chief AP Singh and Indian Army Chief General Upendra Dwivedi have warned Pakistan, due to which their Defense Minister Khawaja Asif and Field Marshal Asim Munir are in fear.

Why was there lockdown in Pakistan?

During the attack on Pakistan, the Indian Army demonstrated its precise firepower and technical superiority by making excellent use of long-range missiles. On one hand, India has announced NOTAM, while on the other hand, mobile internet service has been stopped in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Apart from these two major cities, lockdown has been imposed at many places in Pakistan. However, this decision has been taken for different reasons.

The ‘Eight Million March’ of the fundamentalist group Tehreek-e-Labaik (TLP) is going to be held in many cities of Pakistan, hence for security reasons, the government has taken decisions like internet shutdown and lockdown.

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Even though the monsoon has weakened in North India, rain warnings have been issued in the eastern and western parts due to the stir in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. India Meteorological Department (IMD) said that heavy rains are likely in West Bengal and in coastal areas of Andhra Pradesh. There is a possibility of rain in Maharashtra and Gujarat in the next 7 days.

A warning of heavy torrential rain has been issued till 27 September in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha. Given the changing weather in Maharashtra, there is a possibility of the next 24 hours to be critical in Mumbai. The Meteorological Department said that today there may be heavy rains in Mumbai. There is a possibility of heavy rains in many parts of Bengal even today. Kolkata may receive very heavy rainfall on 25 and 26 September. A warning of heavy rain has been issued in the plains of the huge Ganges of West Bengal on 23, 28 and 29 September.

7 people died in Kolkata
According to the Kolkata Metro, there has been waterlogging between the great and Ravindra Sarobar station due to heavy rains last night. Metro services have been postponed between Shaheed Khudiram and Maidan stations in view of the safety of passengers. Water is being extracted through pump. Officials and employees of Metro Railways are busy solving the problem as soon as possible.

7 people have died in Kolkata due to heavy rains. Please tell that this incident has happened in Kalikapur, Beniappukur, Gariahat and Netaji Nagar. Due to electric wires in the waterlogging area, there is a problem in removing the dead body.

Where will heavy rain
According to the Meteorological Department, there is a possibility of very heavy rainfall in Madhya Pradesh and Vidarbha on 24-25 September. IMD has not given any warning about rain in Bihar and adjacent to it. At the same time, a warning of heavy rain has been issued in Jharkhand in the next 24 hours. The Meteorological Department said that due to deep depression made in the Bay of Bengal, Jharkhand is expected to receive rain till September 25.

There will be trouble in Mumbai
The Meteorological Department has issued a 5 -day forecast for Mumbai, Thane, Palghar and Raigad. In view of the monsoon situation, the department has predicted heavy rains. There is a possibility of thunderstorms, strong winds and heavy rainfall in these areas. People have been advised to be vigilant about heavy rains and electricity.

There is a possibility of lightning and heavy rains in Mumbai on Tuesday, in which winds can be blowing at some places at a speed of 30-40 kmph. The rainfall may decrease slightly between 24 and 25 September, but there will be a possibility of light to moderate rain.

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Monsoon rains in many parts in India are still continuously continuously continuing. At the same time, the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has issued an alert that in the next 24 hours, there will be heavy rains in many states of the country with strong thunderstorms and storms.

In fact, the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has said that a low pressure area is going to be formed above the northern part of the Bay of Bengal in the next 24 hours. Due to this, heavy rains are likely in many states of the country. The IMD said that heavy rains are likely to receive heavy rains in the coastal areas of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Vidarbha and 21 September and 24 to 27 September from September 23 to 27, from 24 to 27 September and from 24 to 27 September.

The impact of pressure will be seen in which areas of the country

The IMD said that the pressure on the northern part of the Bay of Bengal will be seen in the areas of North East India for the next three to four days and there will be heavy rains in those areas. At the same time, talking about Eastern and Central India, in the west of Madhya Pradesh on 21 and 22 September, in Bihar from 25 to 27 September, in Jharkhand from 24 to 26 September, in Andaman and Nicobar Islands on September 24 and 25 in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, in Gangal West Bengal on September 22 and 23, Chhattisgarh and Vidarbha and Most areas from 23 to 27 September 2025 have been issued for heavy rain.

For the states of North East India Imd Released alert

The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has also issued heavy rain alert for the states of North Eastern India. The IMD has issued an alert on Assam and Meghalaya from September 21 to 24, 21 to 23 September and 27 September in most parts of Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram and Tripura.

How will the situation be in South and West India

Apart from this, the Meteorological Department has expressed the possibility of heavy rains in the states of Kerala on 22, 26 and 27 September in the state of Kerala, on 21 26 and 27 September in the coastal parts of Karnataka and in the coastal areas of Andhra Pradesh from September 26 and 27 and in the coastal areas of Andhra Pradesh and in parts of Yanam.

At the same time, according to IMD, there will be heavy rains in the west part of India for the next one week. The department has issued an alert for heavy rains in Maharashtra for the next one week, in Maharashtra, 22 September and 25 to 27 September in Konkan and Goa, on September 22 and 23 at Marathwada and many places in Gujarat.

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In the second week of September, the effect of monsoon is visible in most parts of the country once again. Maharashtra, Delhi, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Arunachal Pradesh and the northeastern states are receiving heavy rains. Meanwhile, the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has issued warnings of heavy rain for many states of the country.

Actually, this effect of monsoon across the country is due to the pressure arising in the Bay of Bengal. The most impact of this pressure is going to be in Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Telangana, Maharashtra and Northeast states. The Indian Meteorological Department has issued an alert for heavy to very heavy rainfall in these states in the next few days. Whereas, in the coastal areas of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, strong winds and heavy rain have been warned at a speed of 30 to 50 kilometers per hour.

How will the effect of monsoon be across the country

The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has issued Orange and Yellow Alerts for many states of the country for the next few days. IMD has warned of heavy rains in 19 districts for Telangana. IMD has issued an orange alert for Nirmal, Nizamabad, Sangareddy, Medak and Kamaredy. At the same time, Yellow alert has been issued for 14 districts including Hyderabad and Adilabad. The department has said that there is a possibility of heavy rains in all these areas in the next 24 hours.

For coastal areas of the country Imd Warning of

The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has issued a warning of heavy rain in all coastal areas of the country. The IMD has said that heavy rains are likely for the next one week in Mumbai and many other cities of Maharashtra. At the same time, the department issued an alert for torrential rains in Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and Yanam as well as Telangana.

Life is affected in Bihar-Jharkhand due to heavy rains

For the last few days, heavy rains have been continuing in Bihar and Jharkhand and the Meteorological Department has warned that there will be torrential rains in both the states for the next few days.

Monsoon is also a fierce form in North India

Apart from this, the Meteorological Department has also issued torrential rain alert for Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab. The department said that there is a possibility of rain in Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh from 13 to 16 September.

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A special submarine tender (ship) of America’s Sevanth (07) Fleet, which once stands against India, has visited Chennai. This ship named USS Frank Cabble is part of the US’s seventh warship fleet and is also used for maintenance and repair of submarines of friends and countries of the Indo-Pacific region. However, this submarine tender tour to Chennai is to increase coordination and cooperation between the Navy of India and the US.

Frank cable’s visit to Chennai is considered very important amidst the ongoing tension between India and America. This US ship is stationed at the US Military Base Guam in the Pacific Ocean and came to Chennai for interaction with the Indian Navy these days. After staying in Chennai for about a week, on Wednesday (August 27, 2025), Delhi-based US Embassy gave information about the logistic cooperation of Frank Cabil’s Logistics with the Indian Navy’s Indus-Vijay submarine.

Logistic support agreement between India and America

Frank cable and Indus-Vijay submarine were anchored together in Chennai. During this time, Indian Navy officials visited Frank Cabble and knew his maintenance capabilities. In fact, there is a logistic support agreement between India and the United States, under which the warships of the two countries can come to each other’s naval base for ships and submarines, refueling etc.

According to Captain Mike Thompson, Commanding Officer of Frank Cable, the Indian Navy’s submarine fleet is continuously increasing. In such a situation, it is very important to share information about their abilities with the navies of friendly countries. According to the US Embassy, ​​like Chennai, Frank Cable has also increased logistic cooperation with the navies of Australia and South Korea in recent years.

In the year 2023, Kattupalli reached Bandarganah near Chennai Usns Charles Dryu

While stopping in Chennai, Frank Cabble’s crew visited a local college and met the students and shared information about the US Navy. Also got information about his partner (countries). Like Frank Cabble, USNS Charles Dril (Dry Cargo Ship) visited the Military C-Lift Command of the US Military C-Lupt Command in 2023 in 2023, near the Kattupalli port near Chennai.

America’s seventh fleet reached the Bay of Bengal amidst the war with Indo-Pak in 1971

In Operation Sindoor, there is a tussle between India and the US over arbitration and tariff war with Pakistan. A similar tension was seen during the 1971 war, when the US fleet in support of Pakistan reached the Bay of Bengal. But after Russia (erstwhile Soviet Union) warships reached the Indian Ocean of the warship fleet, America’s Sevanth Fleet pulled back its feet against India. In the war, Pakistan not only had to face mouth but also two pieces and the new country Bangladesh was born.

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