After the defeat against India during Operation Sindoor, Pakistan is continuously busy in increasing its military strength. After fighter jets and helicopters, Pakistan Navy can include submarines purchased from China in its fleet next year. This is an advanced Hangar-class diesel electric submarine, which can be deployed in front of India in the Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea. This defense deal of Pakistan with China is worth about 5 billion dollars.

China will give Hangar-class submarine to Pakistan

Pakistan Navy Chief Admiral Nadeed Ashraf has confirmed that the first Hangar-class submarine will be inducted into the navy fleet next year. In an interview given to China’s state media Global Times, he said that both the countries are jointly building 8 such submarines, out of which 4 will be built in Pakistan and 4 in China. The target has been set to induct all these submarines into the Navy by the year 2028.

Features of Hangar Class Submarine

Hangar or Type 039A Yuan class submarines are equipped with Stirling Air-Independent Propulsion (AIP) in addition to advanced sensors and weapons, which increases its underwater capability. It is also equipped with Stealing Air-Independent Propulsion (AIP) technology, due to which these submarines can remain underwater for two to three weeks without coming to the surface, compared to traditional diesel-electric submarines. At present the Indian Navy does not have any submarine equipped with AIP technology.

What is India’s Project-75?

India has signed a deal worth Rs 70 thousand crore with Germany under Project 75 India in August 2025. Under this, six advanced AIP submarines will be built in India with the help of Germany. This project was approved in November 2007, but even after the contract is signed, it may take at least 7-8 years for the first submarine to arrive.

‘India will have to find a solution’

According to a TOI report, a senior Indian military officer said, “The submarines being received by Pakistan will boost its A2/AD (anti-access/area denial) capabilities in the Arabian Sea. We have to find a solution to this. China is of course always ready to help Pakistan, which was clearly visible during Operation Sindoor.”

How much power is India in the sea?

Another officer said that in Operation Sindoor, the Indian Navy had shown tremendous dominance in the North Arabian Sea, but now Pakistan is trying to overcome its weaknesses with the help of Turkey and China. At present, India has 6 new French Scorpene category submarines, 6 old Russian Kilo-class submarines and 4 German HDW submarines. Apart from this, two nuclear powered ballistic missile submarines (INS Arihant and INS Arighat) are in service. Apart from this, three INS Aridman are going to join the Navy fleet next year.

China has more than 50 diesel-electric and 10 nuclear submarines, while Pakistan currently has three French Agosta-90B and two Agosta-70 submarines. The Indian Navy has American P-8I long-range anti-submarine aircraft, MH-60R Seahawk helicopters and state-of-the-art anti-submarine warfare ships equipped with advanced radar, sonar torpedoes and multi-functional rockets.

China is the best friend of Pakistan. However, these days relationships between the two countries do not look normal. This is because Pakistan has decided to seek help from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) instead of China for the advancement of its old railway network. Pakistan has sought a $ 2 billion loan from ADB to improve the Karachi-Rohri railway section. This is the same ML-1 project, which was once considered the biggest and ambitious plan of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).

China’s retreat from the project reveals Pakistan’s economic condition concerns. There is a lot of speculation about this, why have they pulled their hands from the Pakistani project in China. However, China has not suddenly decided to withdraw from the project. It is believed that Pakistan’s weak economic situation and problems of repaying debt could have caused trouble for China. China has already invested billions of dollars in Pakistan, where China is facing a serious problem in withdrawing money from Pakistan. Given the pressures of its economy, China is retreating from more risky investments. It is clear that when the financial situation is in danger, then all the weather companions can also retreat.

Importance of raco dik mine and ML-1
Balochistan’s raco, copper and gold mine can prove to be decisive for Pakistan’s economy. It is possible to get a large amount of minerals from the mine, but the old railway line is not so strong that the minerals can be transported on a large scale. For this, it is very important to upgrade the ML-1 railway line to the mine. For this reason, ADB has not only shown interest in the ML-1 project, but has also promised to help $ 410 million for the Reco Dik Khadan.

China, America and ADB
Increasing the role of ADB means that Pakistan no longer wants to depend only on China. According to sources, Pakistan had taken consent from China before this move so that the relationship would not be soured. Pakistani Army Chief Asim Munir said, “We will not sacrifice another friend for one friend.” At the same time, America is also showing interest in Pakistan’s Reco Dikk. This indicates that Pakistan is now moving towards multi -faceted foreign policy, which will include China, America and multilateral institution (ADB, IMF). In recent times, relations between Pakistan and America have been seen getting good, as US President Donald Trump has announced to create a Pakistani oil reserve.

CPEC’s future and Pakistan’s strategy
Between 2015-2019, several highways, power plants and ports were built under CPEC, but the development has slowed down since 2022. Chinese power producers have faced the problem of dues. China’s withdrawal from a big project like ML-1 further clarifies this lethargy. Now the arrival of ADB can be a lot of problem for CPEC.

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Keeping in mind the increasing activities of China and Pakistan in the Indian Ocean, the Indian Navy is continuously increasing its capacity. In this episode, Nilgiri Class Stealth Freet Udayagiri and Himgiri will be included in the fleet. Both freeds have been equipped with the world’s most dangerous supersonic anti-ship missile BrahMos. This step is making the maritime power of the Indian Navy stronger.

So far 14 guided missile Stealth Freett has been included in the Navy. There are 8 vertical launch BrahMos missiles in every warship. Talwar has already been equipped with BrahMos, 4 of the 6 ships of the class, work is going on on the remaining 2. Under the Indo-Russia agreement, 4 and Talwar class freed up, two of which have joined the Navy (Tushil and Tamal). By 2030, the Indian Navy will have a total of 20 guided missiles freegate and 13 distrients. This means that in the future, the Indian Navy will have the capacity to feature more than 300 BrahMos missiles simultaneously.

Nilgiri class freed will become a symbol of self -sufficient India
Nilgiri classes are being made under Project 17A. A total of 7 eucalyptus class ships are being prepared for this. Out of this INS Nilgiri, Udayagiri and Himgiri have joined the Navy. 75 percent of the equipment in all ships has been taken from indigenous companies. Its design and steel are also fully built in India. This project is a milestone in the direction of self -sufficient India.

Deadly capabilities of Himgiri and Udayagiri
The specialty of Himgiri and Udayagiri Freets makes them the master of air, surface and submarine warfare. It will have BrahMos supersonic missile, which will be useful for anti -ship and anti -surface warfare. Apart from this, Barak-8 missile and air defense guns will be used, which will make it an anti-air warfare. With the presence of Varunastra Torpedo and Rocket Launcher, freeds will be used as an anti submarine warfare. At the same time, Sonar, Multi Function radar and Combat Management System B are going to be present in the freeds, which has the ability to detect enemy and intercept over long distances. There will also be two helicopter hangars to increase the capacity of marine operation. The ship is weighing 6700 tonnes and can run at a speed of 30 nautical mph.

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Pakistan Get Loan from China: Pakistan’s economic condition has been in critical condition for the last few years. Foreign exchange reserves are continuously decreasing, inflation is at a height and the balance of import-export is continuously deteriorating. In such a situation, the country is constantly looking towards international lenders to support its economy.

Due to the strict conditions of the IMF (International Monetary Fund), Pakistan was required to maintain a minimum foreign exchange reserves of $ 14 billion, which was to be completed by 30 June 2025. In view of this deadline, China has come forward and helped Pakistan by giving a loan of $ 3.4 billion. This amount is not just a economic cooperation but also a diplomatic message that China still remains a strategic and economic partner of Pakistan.

Additional assistance received from middle East and other sources
According to the report of Reuters, not only China, but other commercial taxpayers of the Middle East have also come forward in the help of Pakistan. Overall, Pakistan has received an additional $ 1 billion additional loan from commercial sources of the Middle East, while around $ 500 million has been raised from multilateral funding agencies.

The main objective of these efforts is to meet the prescribed conditions of the IMF and increase the foreign exchange reserves to a respectable level. This funding is like a lifeline for Pakistan, because it will not only provide short -term relief to the country, as well as a positive message will go to the international market.

IMF assistance and India’s concerns
Recently, IMF has also given a loan of one billion dollars to Pakistan, which India has expressed its concern about. India believes that this debt can be used to nurture terrorism crossing border. Despite this, the IMF clarified that Pakistan had fulfilled all the prescribed conditions to get a loan. It is necessary to clarify here that the help of IMF is only based on economic data and not on geopolitical anxiety, but India’s concern is not unfounded. Pakistan uses this money in army work.

Will Pakistan be crossed?
A loan of $ 3.4 billion is an immediate relief, but this is not a permanent solution. This loan will be used to stabilize foreign exchange reserves, pay loans and control imports, but can it ensure long -term economic growth? On this, analysts believe that if Pakistan does not pay attention to internal economic reforms, then the dependence of foreign debt will become a permanent problem. Increasing tax base, promoting exports and controlling corruption will be a permanent solution for Pakistan.

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China-pakistan weapon deal: China is now trying to take advantage of Pakistan’s restlessness due to India’s growing military power in South Asia. On the one hand, India is constantly strengthening its military strength with Rafael, Tejas and indigenous missiles, on the other hand, China now wants Pakistan to give a huge arms deal to Pakistan by citing “threat of India”. This is the reason why China has now offered Pakistan to provide advanced J-35 Stealth Fighter Jets, KJ-500 AWACS and HQ-19 air defense system.

J-35 Stealth Fighter: New flight to Pakistan’s air power
J-35 is China’s fifth generation stealth fighter jet, which is considered equivalent to F-35 of America. Equipped with advanced stealth technology, speed, and sensor fusion capabilities, this aircraft can give Pakistan a strategic lead in the air sector. If Pakistan Air Force gets these 40 fighters, it will increase its immunity against potential rivals like India manifold. J-35, Pakistan’s existing JF-17 Thunder will give strong support.

KJ-500 AWACS: A sharp eye on the sky
The KJ-500 is AWACS aircraft equipped with an advanced radar system, which can identify and track air and marine goals from a distance. The system is capable of giving real-time intelligence to the Air Force and the Army, making it easier to operate complex military operations. The association of this system will improve Pakistan’s Air Early Warning Capacity and Scheduical Awareness.

HQ-19 Air Defense System: Prevention of missiles and airstrikes
HQ-19 is capable of intercepting air defense systems, ballistic and cruise missiles as well as fighter aircraft. It is considered equivalent to the Russian S-400.
This system can create a layering security system like Pakistan’s iron dome, which will strengthen the security of military bases and important infrastructure.

New challenge for India?
India cannot take this military deal lightly. This sudden increase in Pakistan’s air power can affect the strategic balance of South Asia. Especially anti-mesile systems like HQ-19 can increase concern for India’s nuclear and missile policy.