Unemployment: Unemployment remains one of the biggest challenges facing economies around the world. While some countries are struggling with overall unemployment, some countries are facing another serious problem. This problem is of high unemployment among the youth. Recent global data shows that countries like Eswatini and Southern Africa are recording the world’s highest unemployment rates. On the other hand, India is not among the countries where overall unemployment is highest but the situation in terms of employment of youth is much more worrying.

Countries with highest unemployment rates

According to the report of International Labor Organization and Institute for Human Development, youth constitute a large part of India’s unemployed population. Eswatini tops the list in global unemployment figures for 2025-26. The unemployment rate here is around 34.2%. After this comes South Africa. Unemployment here is around 32.4%.

Djibouti is also among those countries facing serious employment challenges. A large part of the workforce here is struggling to get a job. These countries continue to face structural economic problems that limit employment opportunities and economic growth.

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What is the situation in India?

India’s overall unemployment rate is lower than the global average. However, experts say that the real concern is about unemployment among the youth rather than the overall figures at the national level. India’s large youth population creates both an opportunity and a challenge. While millions of youth join the workforce every year, the economy will have to create good quality jobs to absorb them.

Youth form a large part of India’s unemployed population.

India Employment Report shows that about 83 percent of all unemployed people in the country fall in the youth category. These are generally defined as individuals aged 15 to 29 years. In simple words, out of every 100 unemployed persons in India, approximately 83 are youth.

One of the most worrying trends is the increasing share of educated youth among the unemployed. Statistics show that the proportion of educated unemployed youth has increased from 35.2% in 2000 to 65.7%. These include those who have completed at least class 10th. The situation of graduate youth is even more difficult. According to reports, about 67% of unemployed people aged 20 to 29 years are graduates.

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The US government has increased the fees of H-1B visa to $ 1 lakh, or about 88 lakh rupees. This new fee will only apply to new visa applications and has been implemented under the order of US President Donald Trump. However, the US government has clarified that in some cases, visa fee can be exempted in view of national interest. Actually the H-1B visa is important for those experts and trend professionals who come to work in America’s hospitals and IT companies. Especially in remote areas where local professionals are not available, there is more dependence on foreign employees.

Impact of increasing fees

Regarding increasing the H-1B visa fees, the major organization of the IT industry Nascom says that in the last few years, Indian companies have reduced the dependence on H-1B visa in the US. The number of H-1B visas issued from India in 2015 was 14, 792, which declined to 10,162 in 2024. Nascom says that the new fees will only apply to new applications and it will not affect the existing visa holders. According to Nascom, the number of H-1B visa employees is less than one percent of the total employees in large companies. The salary of employees working under this visa is equal to local employees.

New job options in America after increasing fees

After increasing the fees of H-1B visa, many companies are increasing L-1 visa. This visa is for employees who are already working in the company and want to be transferred to America. For this, it is necessary to have a role of at least 1 year job and special knowledge in the company. Apart from this, O-1 visa is also available for jobs in America. This visa is released for professionals with extraordinary talent. At the same time, J-1 visa is also available for jobs in America, this visa is for trainee and intern. Apart from this, you can also work in America with EB-1A visa. This visa also gives a green card directly to professionals with extraordinary talent. At the same time, students who have completed their studies in America are also allowed to work for 3 years under Stem OPT.

Impact on students studying in America

H-1B visa fees can affect the entry level jobs. At the same time, after changes in visa, companies will now give priority to local or American graduates. This can reduce job opportunities for Indian students. In such a situation, Indian graduates are looking for opportunities in countries like Japan, Ireland, Canada and Europe.

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What people do not do to get a graduation degree. But if you are told, you will plant 10 trees. So you will get a degree of graduation. What would you say then? In view of the dwindling number of trees, such a unique rule has been made in a country. Where students are required to plant at least 10 trees to get a degree of graduation. The government has officially implemented it.

So that youth can contribute to environmental protection along with studies. Under this rule, students can get degrees from the university only when they give evidence of plantation. The motive behind this is to plant millions of new trees every year and create a better environment for generations to come. This step is also making education responsible at the ground level, not just books.

Plant 10 trees for graduation in Philippines

Different rules have been created for graduation degrees in different countries of the world. But if you want to get a graduation degree in the Philippines, then it is not enough to pass the exam. 10 trees will also have to be planted. The government there has implemented a unique law. Under which it is mandatory for every student to plant saplings for degrees.

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Its purpose is to save the rapidly decreasing form area in the country. Earlier, where the total opening cover was 70%, now it is just 20%. In view of this, the government has set a target of planting more than 175 million trees every year. Planting trees has now become a condition to get a degree. You cannot get a degree without completing this work.

Rules passed in the year 2019

The Parliament of the Philippines unanimously passed the ‘Graduation Legacy for the Environment Act’ in 2019. Under this law, now students of college, high school and school level will have to plant at least 10 trees before graduation or promotion.

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For this, the government has identified mangrove forests, military areas and urban areas where plantation will be done. The responsibility of maintaining these trees has been given to local government agencies. The purpose of this rule is not just to plant trees, but to create a sense of responsibility towards the environment among the youth.

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