How AI predicts chemotherapy response in lung cancer: Small cell lung cancer is considered one of the fastest growing and most dangerous cancers in the world. Often by the time it is detected, it has spread to other parts of the body, which doctors call extensive-stage. In this condition, treatment becomes difficult and the average survival period of the patient is limited to about one year. Till now, immunotherapy along with platinum-based chemotherapy has been used to treat such patients. However, it is not equally effective on every patient. The biggest problem has been that doctors are not able to decide in advance which patient will benefit from this treatment and which will not.

new technology developed

Keeping this challenge in mind, researchers from Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center (Buffalo, New York), Emory University’s Winship Cancer Institute (Atlanta, Georgia) and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center have developed a new technology. This study has been published in the prestigious journal NPJ Precision Oncology, in which an artificial intelligence tool named PhenopyCell has been mentioned.

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how does it work

This tool analyzes tissue images that are already taken during the patient’s diagnosis. Usually these are seen through a microscope, but this AI system can recognize such patterns in these images which are missed by the human eye. Data of 281 patients were used in the research, in which already existing biopsy samples were analyzed. During this, AI studied the structure and arrangement of immune cells present around the tumor. These immune cells are part of the body’s immune system and play an important role in fighting cancer.

How was the result?

The results were quite encouraging. This tool was able to predict which patient would respond better to chemotherapy even before the treatment started. When these estimates were compared with actual results, it was found that this technique proved to be more accurate than traditional methods. An important finding was that in patients whose treatment responded well, immune cells were present in large and organized form around their tumors. At the same time, in the patients in whom the effect was less, these cells were found less and scattered.

What is the importance of research?

This discovery is important because it indicates that the body’s immune response can affect the effectiveness of treatment. Till now, there were no clear biological signs available in this disease, which could guide the treatment decision. The special thing about PhenopyCell is that it uses already existing data, which does not require additional investigation or expense. With this, patients can be saved from unnecessary treatment and they can be taken to better options in time.

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Disclaimer: This information is based on research studies and expert opinion. Do not consider this as a substitute for medical advice. Before adopting any new activity or exercise, please consult your doctor or relevant specialist.

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