Nigeria Air Strike: America has carried out a massive air strike on ISIS terrorist bases in the north-western regions of Nigeria. The Nigerian government has issued its official statement regarding this attack.

The government said that it is continuously conducting security and intelligence cooperation with other international partners including the US to combat terrorism and violent extremism. Under this cooperation, terrorist targets in North West Nigeria were precisely targeted through air strikes.

Foreign Ministry issued statement

The Foreign Ministry said that this cooperation is taking place under international rules and bilateral agreements. This includes exchange of intelligence, strategic coordination and other necessary support. All these activities are being carried out in accordance with international law, respect for sovereignty and shared commitments to regional and global security.

The Government of Nigeria reiterated that the main objective of all counter-terrorism efforts is to protect civilians, protect national unity and protect the rights and dignity of all citizens. Terrorist violence against any community, regardless of one’s faith or ethnicity, is an affront to Nigerian values ​​and international peace.

Efforts to weaken terrorist networks

The Federal Government, along with its partners, is making sustained efforts to disrupt terrorist networks, disrupt their financing and logistics, and counter threats emanating from across the border. At the same time, Nigeria is strengthening its security institutions and intelligence capabilities. The Ministry of External Affairs said that this security and intelligence cooperation will continue and the public will be regularly informed through appropriate official channels.

It is noteworthy that Nigeria has been facing terrorist violence for a long time. The activities of groups linked to ISIS and organizations like Boko Haram continue in the northern and north-eastern parts of the country.

The recent constitutional amendments in Pakistan have completely changed the balance of power. After the new changes, the army, especially the current Army Chief General Asim Munir, has become very influential. On the contrary, there is a clear cut in the powers of the judiciary. This decision has worried many organizations as well as the United Nations.

Volker Turk, head of the UN Human Rights Office, warned in a statement issued on Friday that ‘these hasty amendments’ in Pakistan seriously affect the independence of the judiciary. According to him, this step increases the possibility of military interference and weakening of the role of the civilian government, which raises serious questions on the rule of law.

Turk said this big thing

Turk said that this amendment was implemented without any public discussion, consultation with the legal community or extensive debate, which is contrary to the democratic process. According to him, these changes go against the institutions that protect human rights and the rule of law in Pakistan. In particular, deep concerns have been raised about the impact of these amendments on the independence of judges.

The statement said that the new provisions related to appointment and transfer of judges could weaken the structural independence of the judiciary. Due to this, there is a danger of increasing political interference and the judiciary coming under the control of the executive. Volker Turk stressed that the courts should remain completely free from any political pressure in their decisions.

He expressed special objection to the 27th Amendment, saying that it gives lifetime protection to the President and the Field Marshal from criminal prosecution and arrest. According to him, this move is against human rights principles and the framework of democratic control and can have far-reaching implications on Pakistan’s democratic future.

President of Pakistan took a big decision

It is noteworthy that on November 13, the President of Pakistan signed the 27th Constitutional Amendment and made it a law. After this amendment, the power of Army Chief Asim Munir has increased unprecedentedly, due to which he has emerged as the most influential person in the country. According to reports, he now has more powers than the Prime Minister.

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The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) has taken cognizance of the complaint of serving only Halal meat in Indian Railways. A notice has been issued to the Chairman of the Railway Board and instructions have been given to submit the action taken report within 2 weeks.

NHRC has received a complaint that only meat prepared in halal manner is served in the catering services of Indian Railways. Due to this, human rights of Hindus, Sikhs and Scheduled Caste people are violated. The complainant has also told NHRC in his complaint that due to serving of Halal meat, the meat traders belonging to Hindu, Sikh or Scheduled Caste do not get proper opportunity for food supply and business in the Railways.

Livelihood rights of Hindu SC communities affected
The complaint states that this practice affects the livelihood rights of Hindu SC communities, who are traditionally associated with the meat trade. This violates their religious freedom and right to choose food.

Notice issued to Railway Board Chairman
Taking cognizance of the complaint, the Commission held that the allegations made in the complaint prima facie appear to be a violation of human rights and that this policy may be against the principles of secularism, equality, non-discrimination and right to livelihood of the Constitution. Taking cognizance of the complaint, the National Human Rights Commission has instructed the Chairman of the Railway Board to issue a notice and send the Action Taken Report within two weeks.

There have been complaints many times before as well
In fact, public debates and complaints have been coming up from time to time regarding serving only Halal meat in Indian Railways. Many reasons and claims come forward regarding this, although Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) has officially denied the necessity of Halal certification.

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The United Nations (UN) described the verdict against former Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on charges of crimes against humanity as an important moment for the victims, but expressed regret over the death penalty. At the same time, Sheikh Hasina, living in India, has called this decision politically motivated.

Stephane Dujarric, spokesman for UN chief Antonio Guterres, said in a press conference on Monday (November 17) that Guterres completely agrees with the stance of UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Turk that we are against the use of death penalty under any circumstances. Dujarric was responding to a question on the UN Secretary General’s reaction to Hasina being sentenced to death in absentia by a Bangladeshi court.

Bangladesh court has given death sentence
Bangladesh’s International Criminal Tribunal on Monday found Sheikh Hasina guilty of crimes against humanity committed during protests against her government in July last year. Sheikh Hasina, 78, who has been living in India since the fall of her government in Bangladesh on August 5 last year, has been sentenced to death by the tribunal in her absence. After Sheikh Hasina was sentenced to death, Awami League workers protested heavily in the capital Dhaka.

What did the United Nations Human Rights Council say
Sheikh Hasina’s aide and former home minister Asaduzzaman Khan Kamal has also been sentenced to death on similar charges. Raveena Shamdasani, spokeswoman for the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva, said in a statement that the tribunal’s verdict against Hasina and the former interior minister is an important moment for victims of grave violations committed during the repression of protests last year. He further said that we regret the imposition of death penalty, which we oppose in every way under all circumstances.

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This Muslim country gave a big blow to India, ended free visa entry; Government issued advisory

At the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit, Chinese President Xi Jinping on Friday (October 31) called on member countries to increase trade and investment, but also warned that they should not be part of the US effort to reduce the world’s dependence on China.

Xi Jinping became the only global superpower leader at the summit, after US President Donald Trump left South Korea a day earlier. At the beginning of the conference, he was seen smilingly shaking hands with the leaders and ministers of Japan, Canada, Australia and host South Korea.

What did Xi Jinping say in his address?

In his address, Xi said that Asia should stick to the policy of joining hands with each other, and not to the idea of ​​breaking the supply chain. He indirectly made a strong comment on the efforts of Western countries to move factories out of China. “We should strengthen industrial supply chains, not break them,” Xi said.

In another speech to business leaders, read by his representative, Xi took indirect aim at the United States, saying APEC countries should oppose protectionism and unilateral policies and “save the world from returning to the law of the jungle.”

However, China’s recent policies have weakened Xi’s appeal somewhat. In October, Beijing proposed new export controls on rare earth minerals, which would have given it extraordinary control over other countries. These minerals play an important role in the manufacturing of modern technologies such as semiconductors, batteries and jet aircraft. China dominates almost 90% of the world’s supply.

After meeting with Trump, China agreed to temporarily halt these controls. This meeting turned into a kind of diplomatic ceasefire between the two leaders and Trump praised Xi’s stability.

Xi Jinping and Sanae Takaichi met

But on Friday, Xi faced Japan’s new Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, who is considered a vocal critic of China. Takaichi raised issues of rare earth export controls, disputes in the East China Sea, and Japanese citizens detained on espionage charges in his meeting with Xi. He said that Japan has serious concerns about China’s military expansion in the South China Sea and human rights violations in Hong Kong and Xinjiang. Takaichi said, “There are definitely differences between us, but it is necessary to talk openly and directly on these issues.”

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Maria Corina Machado, 2025 Nobel Peace Prize winner and who has been fighting for the restoration of democracy in Venezuela for 20 years, has described India as a great democracy and a model for the world. In an interview given to a TV channel, Machado said that India can become an important partner of Venezuela and both the countries can work together in many areas after the restoration of democracy.

“I want to talk to Prime Minister Modi and invite him to an independent Venezuela as soon as possible,” Machado said. He also praised India’s democratic role and said that it is very important to keep democracy strong. Machado talked about taking inspiration from the non-violent fight of Mahatma Gandhi. He said, “Keeping peace is not weakness, Gandhi showed this to the whole world.”

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Referring to Venezuela’s 2024 presidential election, he said that the opposition had won with an overwhelming majority, but the Nicolas Maduro government canceled the election. He said that he offered Maduro to leave power peacefully, but Maduro refused and started strict repression in the country.

Machado expressed this hope

Machado said that US President Donald Trump is one of his main allies in restoring democracy. He expressed hope that due to international support, Maduro will understand that his time is over and he will have to leave power peacefully. Machado told India that after democracy is restored in Venezuela, Indian companies can invest in energy, infrastructure and telecommunications.

Opportunities for India and Venezuela relations

Machado also invited India to join the countries raising their voice for democracy and human rights. He said that after democracy is restored, Indian companies can invest in the sectors of energy, infrastructure and telecommunication. Machado also said that India’s democratic strength and experience can guide the reconstruction of Venezuela’s democracy.

Machado finally gave the message that democracy should never be taken lightly and the responsibility of a big democracy like India is very big, because the whole world learns from such an example.

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Pakistan again faces defeat in UN! While singing the praises of Kashmir, India was badly scolded regarding POK.

Saudi Arabia has taken the most humanitarian decision in its history in June 2025. The government officially ended the kafala (sponsorship) system, which had been a burden on migrant workers for decades. The move is part of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s Vision 2030 policy, which aims to free the country’s economy from oil dependence and modernize the labor market.

This decision will directly provide relief to about 1.34 crore foreign workers, which includes about 25 lakh Indians. The Kafala system was in force in the Gulf countries for a long time. Under this, for any foreign employee to work in the country, permission from a local sponsor i.e. employer was required. The employer not only controlled the visa and residency permit (Iqama) of the employee, but also had the right to change jobs or leave the country. This system gradually became a tool of exploitation. Many employers confiscated employees’ passports, withheld salaries and forced them to work. International organizations had described this system as akin to modern slavery.

What has changed in the new labor policy
The new law implemented by Saudi Arabia is based on a completely digital and transparent system. Workers will now have the freedom to change jobs without their employer’s permission, provided they have completed the contract or given proper notice. Employees will also not need an exit permit to leave or return to the country. All processes will now be done through online portal, which will prevent any kind of arbitrary behavior. This change presents Saudi Arabia as a modern, pro-human rights and investor-friendly country.

Big relief decision for Indian immigrants
This reform can prove to be a life-changer for Indians working in Saudi Arabia. Now, if any worker faces poor treatment or unfair wage policy, he can look for another job without any fear. Unlike earlier, impounding passports or withholding permission to go out will now be considered a crime. This will provide Indian expatriates with better security, fairer work environment and fair salary opportunities. This reform will not only increase individual freedom, but will also motivate companies to become more competitive. Will do.

Why was this reform necessary?
This step of Saudi Arabia is not only a labor policy but also a diplomatic message. The country now wants to show international investors and global institutions that it is serious in adopting the standards of human rights and transparency. The International Labor Organization (ILO) has been demanding the abolition of the Kafala system for years. Now this change will strengthen Saudi Arabia’s image globally and attract foreign talent to participate in the country’s economy.

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Kafala System: The Kafala system has been central to the labor structure in many Middle Eastern countries for many decades. It has also been criticized globally for promoting exploitation and limiting the freedom of migrant workers. After almost 50 years, Saudi Arabia has officially abolished it, but despite this, traces of this system are still present in many Gulf regions. Today we will know what Kafala system is and also in which countries this system is still applicable.

What is Kafala system?

The Kafala system, which means sponsorship in Arabic, is a system that links the legal status of a foreign worker directly to his employer or Kafeel. This system was brought into existence in the 1950s when Gulf economies became increasingly dependent on migrant workers. This system not only simplified administration for the governments but also gave a lot of powers to the employers. In this, the movement of workers, employment and even their right to leave the country was also controlled. Workers were often unable to change jobs or return home without their employer’s permission. This was the reason why workers there were abused and exploited.

why was it implemented

The objective behind implementing this was to skill the recruitment process of foreign workers and also to shift the bureaucratic responsibilities from the governments to the employers. Kafeel was expected to handle everything from visa to voice. Kafeel effectively played the role of both protector and controller. But with time it turned into a system that promoted exploitation. This placed restrictions on labor rights and forced workers into working conditions that are now compared to modern slavery.

In which countries this system is still operational

Despite mild reforms, the Kafala system still exists in Qatar. Earlier, workers needed a no objection certificate to change jobs and an exit permit to leave the country. Although many of these restrictions have now been relaxed, steps are being taken slowly towards complete reform. Minimum wage laws and better job mobility have been implemented but implementation is still inconsistent.

Along with this, the residence of a worker in UAE depends on his employer. However, there are gradual changes in labor laws here too, especially in the private sector. Now it is possible to change employer here under certain conditions. Similarly, this system was partially reformed in Bahrain in 2009. In which the purpose was transferred from individual companies to the Labor Market Regulatory Authority. But despite this step, this system did not end completely and many employers still have a lot of power over workers’ job changes and place of residence.

Even in Kuwait, employers still have complete control over workers changing jobs and leaving the country. Leaving the job without notice may result in arrest or departure. Although a domestic workers law was passed in 2015, its enforcement remained limited. Same is the situation with Oman also. Although Oman claims to have officially abolished this practice, in practice many employers continue to enforce the same restrictions.

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The wave of dissatisfaction in Pakistan Occupide Jammu and Kashmir (Pojk) has now spread to Islamabad. Police took alleged barbaric action at the National Press Club (NPC), which has revealed incidents of lathicharge and damage to media equipment. This action took place during the protests organized by the Kashmir Action Committee. The demonstration was being done against alleged atrocities and internet blackouts in Pojk.

On Thursday, Islamabad Police raided the NPC and forcibly entered the campus and attacked protesters and journalists. The police lathi -charged and destroyed many media equipment. This action has created resentment across the country. The protesters were voicing their rights in a peaceful manner, but the strict action of the police made the situation more sensitive.

Human rights organizations condemned

Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (HRCP) strongly condemned the attack. HRCP wrote on social media that raids on NPC and attack on journalists should be immediately brought under investigation and those responsible should be punished according to the law. The incident has created heavy resentment between human rights groups and media.

What did Zaid Gishkori, senior journalist of Pakistan say

Senior Pakistan journalist Zaid Gishkori reprimanded the officials and said that this action has raised serious questions. He asked how the house of journalists became unsafe for those who have no safe place to protest. At the same time, former Pakistan envoy in the United Nations Maliha Lodhi also described the raid as “condemnable” and demanded accountability of the responsibilities.

The incident is drawing international attention to the state of human rights in Pojk and the ongoing protest there. It is a clear indication that dissatisfaction in Pojk is not only limited to the local level, but it is also affecting the capital of Pakistan and the political and social environment there.

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At least 12 civilians have died due to security forces being shot at protesters in Pakistan-promoted Kashmir (POK). The region has been facing the biggest protests in recent years. These demonstrations started against not meeting 38 major demands of the government, but now it has turned into a broad movement against arbitrary and other atrocities of the army.

On Thursday, the protest entered its third day. There was a clash between the protesters and the army in Dadiyal, while the government deployed thousands of additional soldiers to control the situation. Apart from Muzaffarabad, the violence has spread to Rawalakot, Neelam Valley and Kotli.

Meeting of Joint Awami Action Committee

Chaudhary Anwarul Haq and Federal Minister of Parliamentary Affairs Tariq Fazal Chaudhary on Wednesday invited the United Awami Action Committee (JAAC) to negotiate to establish peace between the protesters and the government. According to reports, 5 protesters were shot dead in Muzaffarabad, 5 in Dhirkot and 2 in Dadiyal. Apart from this, at least 3 policemen have also been killed. More than 200 people have been injured, many of whom are in critical condition.

The demonstration is being led by the Jammu and Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee (AAC), and due to this, life has stopped in the entire PoK. The main reason for this movement is the demand to abolish 12 assembly seats, which are reserved for Kashmiri refugees living in Pakistan. Other demands include tax relief, flour and subsidy on electricity, and development projects.

Markets, shops closed from September 29

Markets, shops and local businesses are closed since 29 September. Mobile, internet and landline services are also completely closed. Thousands of people are demonstrating, throwing stones and dropping large containers, which were tried to stop march by putting on bridges.

In other cities, despite the security arrangements, the protesters took out marches and raised slogans like “Rulers, Beware, We Are Your Doom” and “Kashmir is Ors, we will decide its fate”. This is the first time that PoK citizens are directly targeting the Pakistani government and the army.

Pakistan Prime Minister Shahbaz Sharif said that the government is ready to solve the issues and a dialogue committee has been formed to establish peace. He also directed to take restraint with the protesters.

Also, the United Kashmir People’s National Party (UKPNP) spokesman Nasir Aziz Khan appealed to the United Nations and the international community for immediate intervention. He said that human rights crisis can arise in PoK and member countries should take action under their international agreements. Prior to this development, 30 civilians were killed in the airstrikes of Pakistan Air Force in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, causing this tension to increase further.

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