The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) issued a big update late on Tuesday night and said that the deep depression over the Strait of Malacca has now turned into a cyclonic storm ‘Senyar’. This storm can hit the coast of Indonesia by Wednesday (26 November 2025) afternoon. According to IMD, in the last six hours the system took the form of a storm while moving towards the west at a speed of about 10 kilometers per hour. Because of this, the weather patterns have suddenly changed not only in South-East Asia but also in the coastal areas of India.

The Strait of Malacca is the place that connects the Andaman Sea to the South China Sea, so any storm formed here affects the eastern coasts of India. According to the IMD, the storm will maintain its intensity for the next 24 hours and then move in a west-southwest direction and may turn eastwards after 48 hours. Wind speed can reach 70–90 km per hour on Wednesday.

Heavy rain alert in Andaman and Nicobar

The first impact of the cyclonic storm will be seen on Andaman and Nicobar Islands. IMD said in its national bulletin that there will be heavy to very heavy rain at many places on 26 and 27 November. There will be less rain on 28–29 November but sea winds may remain strong. Fishermen have been advised not to venture into the sea in the Andaman region.

Second system also active in Bay of Bengal

Apart from the storm over the Strait of Malacca, a distinct low pressure area has also formed in the south-west region of the Bay of Bengal. According to IMD, this system may turn into depression in the next 24 hours. Due to its movement in the north-northwest direction, there are chances of heavy rains in many districts of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Kerala. Heavy rains have started in many areas of Tamil Nadu since Monday. Many parts of Tuticorin district have been submerged.

Schools and colleges closed in Tamil Nadu

In view of heavy rains and waterlogging, schools and colleges were closed in many districts of Tamil Nadu on Tuesday, but no official announcement has been made yet regarding the closure on Wednesday. IMD has warned that heavy rains with thunderstorms may continue in Tamil Nadu between 26–29 November. In such a situation, there is a possibility that institutions may be closed again in many districts, but this will be confirmed by the local administration.

Heavy rain in Kerala and Mahe on 26 and 27 November

The weather is changing rapidly in Kerala also. IMD estimates that heavy rain with thunder, lightning and high waves in the sea may be seen on Wednesday and Thursday. People living in coastal areas have been advised to take necessary precautions.

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In 2025, on one hand, Cyclone Montha is active in the Bay of Bengal, while on the other hand, Hurricane Melissa is also active in the Atlantic Ocean. Both are powerful ocean storms, which are creating destructive conditions like strong winds, torrential rains and possible floods. When a storm of wind rises over an ocean and starts tearing the sky with its speed, the question arises that what is its strength? This is not just a matter of fear or guesswork, but its strength is determined scientifically.

Every storm has its own ‘class’, which tells whether it is going to bring light rain or submerge the entire city. Let us know how the strength of a storm is estimated.

How to measure the strength of a storm

Scientists around the world use two major scales to measure the strength of hurricanes, the first is the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale, which is mainly applicable to the Americas, the Caribbean and the Atlantic Ocean. The second is the V-scale, which has been adopted in India, the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea areas.

What is the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale?

This scale ranges from 1 to 5 depending on the maximum sustained wind speed of any storm. In Category 1, the wind speed is around 119 to 153 kilometers per hour, it can cause minor damage. In Category 2, winds reach 154 to 177 km/hour. In this, roofs can blow away, trees can break. From Category 3 (178–208 km/h) the damage becomes serious. Category 4 (209–251 km/h) and Category 5 (above 252 km/h) are the levels where everything turns into disaster. This scale not only gives an idea of ​​the speed of the wind but also its impact i.e. possible property damage.

Varicel used in India

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) uses the varicella scale to measure the strength of storms. This scale is also divided into five categories – from V1 to V5. V1 represents the mildest storm, while V5 is the most dangerous. Storms in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea are measured on this scale. The idea behind this is that the marine conditions and climate in these areas are different from those of the western oceans, so a different parameter was necessary to suit local conditions.

How are data collected

Scientists estimate the center of the storm and its wind speed with the help of satellite images, weather buoys and aerial surveys. The data received from radar shows the direction and speed at which the winds are moving. This data decides in which category the storm will be placed.

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Haiti, a country in the southern Caribbean, is currently in the grip of Hurricane Melissa. Many rivers are in spate due to continuous rain and strong winds. According to CNN report, at least 25 people have died in the country so far. Officials of Haiti’s Civil Defense Agency informed that they do not have much resources for relief work, due to which people are forced to protect themselves. Many villages have been completely submerged and hundreds of families are taking shelter in temporary camps.

In many areas of southern Haiti, villages have been flooded due to breach of river embankments. Local administration said that hundreds of houses collapsed, while dozens of people are missing. Social workers and local people are working together for relief and rescue operations. The situation has become even more serious due to limited presence of the administration.

Power outages and signs of devastation in Jamaica

Hurricane Melissa made landfall in Jamaica on Tuesday as a Category 5 super cyclone, the most dangerous level on the Saffir-Simpson scale. 77 percent of the country has been left in darkness due to strong winds and rain. The Jamaica Public Service (JPS) company said the electricity grid had been badly damaged and restoration could take several days. According to the government spokesperson, there was pressure on the grid even before the storm, now a large part of it has been completely destroyed. Along with removing the debris, the army and police are busy in providing relief material. So far, four bodies have been recovered from the St. Elizabeth area, while many people are still reported missing.

Melissa also reached Cuba

After causing devastation in Jamaica, the storm reached Cuba on Monday. Although it weakened a bit here to a Category 3 storm, it still caused significant damage in southern areas due to strong winds and high tides. According to the Cuban government, roofs were blown off many coastal homes and roads were flooded. Officials have advised citizens to take shelter at higher places.

Now Melissa is moving towards Bahamas, big danger in next 24 hours

The US National Hurricane Center (NHC) reports that by Wednesday afternoon (October 29, 2025), Melissa’s wind speed was recorded at 100 mph (160 km/h). Now this storm is moving towards Bahamas as Category 2. NHC has warned that in the next 24 hours this storm will pass over or near Long Island and Crooked Island. The Bahamas administration has declared a state of emergency and people from coastal areas are being evacuated to safe places. Warning of heavy rainfall and waves 6 to 8 feet high has been issued.

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Hurricane Melissa, which arose in the Caribbean Sea, became more powerful by late night on Sunday (26 October 2025). According to the US National Hurricane Center (NHC), this storm can now reach Category 5, which means its wind speed can exceed 250 kilometers per hour.

It is the 13th named storm of the Atlantic hurricane season, which runs from June 1 to November 30. The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) had already warned that a higher than average number of storms could be seen this season.

Current position and speed of the storm
As of Sunday night, Melissa’s center was about 205 kilometers south-southwest of Jamaica’s capital Kingston and about 495 kilometers south-west of Cuba’s Guantanamo. This storm is moving towards the west at a speed of about 7 kilometers per hour. Its wind speed has been recorded at 230 kilometers per hour. NHC has warned that this storm could reach Category 5 status by Monday and affect Jamaica by Tuesday morning and Cuba and Bahamas by Wednesday (October 29, 2025).

State of emergency in Jamaica, airports closed

Extensive preparations have been started in Jamaica even before the impact of Hurricane Melissa. The government has closed both Norman Manley International (Kingston) and Sangster International (Montego Bay) airports. Residents of coastal areas like Old Harbor Bay have been ordered to evacuate their homes. Government Minister Desmond McKenzie said that more than 650 relief camps have been opened in Jamaica and thousands of food packets have been kept ready in advance. However, officials have expressed concern that many people are not following evacuation orders, which could make the situation more serious.

Danger of heavy rain and flood

According to NHC, Jamaica and southern Hispaniola (Haiti and Dominican Republic) may receive 30 to 40 inches (up to 1 meter) of rain. There is a serious possibility of landslides, floods and power cuts due to such rains. Jamaica Meteorological Service director Ivan Thompson warned that storm surges could prove most destructive in the southern part of the island. There is a possibility of flood in every area, so people living in low-lying areas should immediately move to safe places. The NHC also said storm surge could reach up to 13 feet (4 meters) above ground level, inundating coastal areas.

Devastation in Haiti and Dominican Republic
At least four deaths have been confirmed so far, including three in Haiti and one in the Dominican Republic. Three people died and 5 were injured when a wall collapsed due to heavy rains in Haiti’s Sainte-Suzanne area. Due to heavy rains the water level of rivers has increased and many bridges have been washed away. Officials said that many villages have been completely cut off, making it difficult to deliver relief material.

Warning for Cuba and Bahamas
According to NHC’s forecast, the storm will affect eastern parts of Cuba by late night on Tuesday (28 October 2025). The Cuban government has issued a hurricane warning for the provinces of Granma, Santiago de Cuba, Guantanamo and Holguín, while a tropical storm warning has been issued for Las Tunas. There is a possibility of rain up to 12 inches (30 centimeters) in Cuba. At the same time, the Bahamas Meteorological Department said that the south-eastern and central Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands may come under the influence of the storm by the beginning of next week.

NHC Deputy Director Jamie Rome said that the situation in Jamaica and surrounding areas could deteriorate rapidly. People should be prepared for difficult conditions for several days. Meteorologists are calling it one of the most powerful Caribbean hurricanes in the last several years. He says that due to climate change, both the intensity and frequency of tropical storms are increasing in the Atlantic region.

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The month of October will be full of weather stir and seasonal activities this year, so that the feeling of pink winter will be felt before time. According to IMD, till October 15, the movement of clouds will continue in many parts of the country and some rain drops will keep the weather pleasant.

From October 4 to weekend, due to active Western Disturbance, there is a possibility of thunderstorms and thunderstorms in the upper parts of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. In some areas, there will be a sharp drop in temperature with hailstorm and snowfall.

Weather in eastern and South India

There is a possibility of light to moderate rains in the sub-Himalayan West Bengal, Sikkim, Odisha, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Chhattisgarh due to the cyclonic circulation and low pressure area being built in the Bay of Bengal. At the same time, a warning of rain has been issued in Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Karnataka, Marathwada, Maharashtra and parts of Gujarat.

Alert for next 7 days in Bihar

The weather has taken a turn in Bihar. The Meteorological Department (IMD) has warned that for the next 7 days, most districts of the state are expected to rain with strong winds and thunder-glow.

Patna, Buxar, Bhojpur, Saran, Sitamarhi, Shivhar, Banka, Jamui, Jehanabad, Sheikhpura, Kaimur, Rohtas, Aurangabad, Arwal, Eastern Champaran, West Champaran, Gopalganj, Siwan, Nawada and Gaya. There is a warning of torrential rain in these districts.

Fear of heavy rains in these states

There is a possibility of heavy rains and lightning in Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Delhi-NCR on 5-6 October. The wind has been warned to stay up to 40-50 km/h. The rain will decrease from October 7, while the weather will be dry after 9 October.

Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal and Sikkim also have thunderstorms and medium to heavy rains on 5-6 October. Light rain may continue in some places after October 7.

Possibility of rain in South India too

Heavy rains are expected on 5-6 October in Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra and Gujarat. After October 7, the rain will be reduced and the weather will be normal till 9 October.

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The Meteorological Department has also been surprised about the storm in the Earth’s second largest Ocean Atlantic Ocean. Hurricane Erin, who rises in Atlantic Ocean, caught such a pace that meteorologists were also shocked, because within 24 hours the storm turned directly from category-1 to category-5.

According to meteorologists, where its speed was 75 miles per hour on Friday morning, till Saturday it was recorded in the record book by holding a speed of 160 miles per hour (about 260 km/h). Experts say that the incidents of storms that have become so fast powerful are now visible due to climate change and rising sea temperature.
What is Rapid Intensification
In meteorological it is called a rapid intensification, it means when a cyclone increases its speed at least 35 miles per hour in 24 hours. Erin left this limit behind. The incident took place in the middle of August, while in general, such a rapidly strong storms are seen in September-October.

Category-5 storm for the fourth consecutive time
Erin is being considered as a different picture of the seasonal pattern and a new picture of the climate crisis. Erin is one of the 43 category-5 storms recorded in Atlantic. The special thing is that since 2016, 11 categories-5 storms have been formed so far, which is unusually high.

The season of 2025 is the fourth consecutive time, when the category-5 storm has surfaced. Earlier in 2024, storms named Berell and Milton showed similar strength. Erin’s attitude is such that it will not cause direct damage to Puerto Rico and Caribbean Islands.

It is being told that it will go out in the open Atlantic between the east coast of America and Bermuda, moving north. However, there is a possibility of heavy rains and floods from its exterior.

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