Mexico has given a big blow—from January 1, 2026, it is increasing huge import duties on all those countries with which there is no Free Trade Agreement, and India is also included in this list. Mexico’s Senate has approved new tariffs, in which duties on many categories will increase from 35% to 50%. The biggest impact will be on Indian automobile exporters—Mexico is India’s third-largest car export destination, with annual shipments of about $1 billion. Now, due to imposition of such heavy tariff, Indian companies like Maruti Suzuki, Hyundai, Tata Motors, Mahindra and component manufacturers may have to face huge cost pressure and demand slowdown. Steel, plastics, aluminium, chemicals and textile exporters will also be directly affected. These tariffs have been taken to protect Mexico’s domestic industry, to increase revenue, and perhaps for geopolitical balancing (especially US pressure). This step will increase both India-Mexico trade imbalance and supply chain costs. Trade tensions and global export competition are going to intensify. Will India retaliate? Will Indian exporters find alternate markets? This video will explain all the details in easy language.

Soon after Russian President Putin’s visit, former US President Donald Trump has once again hinted at imposing new tariffs on India – this time targeting India’s rice export. Trump says that many countries including India are dumping cheap rice in America, causing huge losses to American farmers. He has indicated that the US administration is considering new tariffs on Agri Products, which may mainly include Fertilizer from Canada and Rice from India. Meanwhile, America has also announced a bail out package of 12 billion dollars for its farmers. The direct impact of this news was visible on Indian Rice Stocks—Shares like LT Foods, GRM Overseas and Sarveshwar Foods fell by 7%. Especially LT Foods, whose 46% revenue comes from the US market, and its Golden Star in the US is America’s No.1 Jasmine Rice Brand. India is the world’s largest rice producer, with a production capacity of 150 million tonnes and a share of 30.3% in global exports. India exported 234,000 tonnes of rice to the US in FY24, worth ₹2,849 crore. The news of this possible tariff is coming at a time when talks on Trade Agreements between India and US are already stuck. Agri products remain the biggest bottleneck between the two countries. New tariffs could make trade talks even more complicated.

In the recently held Hindustan Times Leadership Summit (HTLS), Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman made important comments on the falling value of the rupee against the dollar. He said that while debating the currency value, we should keep in mind the current economic realities instead of comparing the old levels. According to him, the main reason for the recent decline in the rupee is the Foreign Capital Outflow after the US-India deal, which is a normal economic process. He assured that the value of rupee will be stable and improvement will also be seen in the times to come. The Finance Minister also emphasized on the strong position of the Indian Economy. He said that the strong GDP growth of 8.2% in the second quarter of the financial year 2026 will continue further. The growth rate for the entire FY26 is expected to be more than 7%, which reflects India’s economic strength and investor confidence. To get such important Business, Economy and Finance updates, please subscribe to our channel. If you like the video, please like it and write your opinion in the comment box!

Today RBI has announced big decisions for the banking sector with the cut in Repo Rates. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced Open Market Operation (OMO) purchase of Rs 1 lakh crore, which will inject durable liquidity in the market. Along with this, RBI will also do a 3-year USD-INR Buy-Sell Swap of $5 billion so that permanent liquidity is maintained in the banking system. RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra said that whatever liquidity the system requires, RBI will provide it. In the month of December, due to tax payment, cash goes out of the banking system, in such a situation, RBI’s OMO purchase will provide relief to the banks.

Electoral politics in India is constantly changing—and at the center of this change are direct cash transfer schemes to women. In Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Bihar… Women-Centric Freebies have become the biggest weapon to win elections in almost every state. The question is whether this is really a Welfare Model or a way to hollow out the state treasury? In this video, we will understand in detail how Tamil Nadu and Karnataka not only increased women participation to 40% by providing Color TV, Mixer Grinder, LPG, Cycle and Maternity Support to women, but also made a big contribution in Industrial Growth. But when this model is being adopted as Direct Cash Transfer, many institutions including RBI have warned of financial danger. We will see how only 12 states together spent ₹1.68 lakh crore on these freebies. In Bihar alone, new cash schemes worth ₹33,000 crore will eat up 55% of the state’s total tax revenue (₹59,520 crore)—at a time when Bihar already has a debt of ₹4.06 lakh crore. Then we will look at Brazil’s Bolsa Familia—the world’s largest Conditional Cash Transfer Scheme—which not only reduced poverty but also increased votes, but increased the country’s debt to 80% of GDP and slowed down growth. So is Women Cash Transfer the future of Welfare or Fiscal Time Bomb? Watch the video to know the whole truth!

Bihar—once considered the intellectual, cultural and spiritual heritage of ancient India—is today counted among the most backward states in the country. The question arises that despite Tamil Nadu and Bihar being economically equal at the time of independence, how did Bihar lag behind so much? The major reason for this was the Freight Equalization Policy implemented in 1952, which broke the economic backbone of a mineral-rich state like Bihar. Under this policy, subsidies were given on transportation of minerals like coal, iron, bauxite so that it would be cheaper to set up industries in any corner of the country. The result was that instead of settling in mineral areas like Bihar or Jharkhand, industries were established in Mumbai, Gujarat and South India. This policy, which lasted till 1993, almost stalled the industrial development of Bihar. While the number of factories in Tamil Nadu increased by 520%, Bihar still has barely 3300 factories. This had a direct impact on employment and living standards — employment in the manufacturing sector here is only 5.7% compared to 17% in Tamil Nadu. Today, when Bihar is at the center of elections, there is a need that its real economic pain should also be discussed in political debates.

As soon as the wedding season has started, the markets across the country have returned to their glory! Around 46 lakh weddings are going to take place in this Wedding Season 2025, which will run from 1 November to 14 December — and it is estimated that it will generate a business of ₹ 6.5 lakh crore! Weddings in India are not just a ritual but an economy booster — jewellery, clothing, catering, event management, travel and hospitality sectors will all see a huge boom. The expenditure is estimated to be 15% in jewellery, 10% in clothes, 10% in catering and sweets, 10% in events, and 3% in travel. The effect of GST cut will also be visible in the market – making products cheaper and shopping more!

The impact of 25 basis points cut in interest rates by the US Federal Reserve was negative on the Indian stock market. At market closing, BSE Sensex fell by more than 500 points and closed below 84,500, while NSE Nifty fell by more than 160 points and went below the level of 25,900. Top Losers included Dr. Shares of big players like Reddy’s Labs, HDFC Life, Sun Pharma, Bharti Airtel and Tata Steel witnessed a decline of up to 5%. Interestingly, while the Asian markets witnessed a rise, the Indian markets continued to fall. The main reason for this was the selling of foreign investors. On October 29, FIIs sold shares worth ₹2,540 crore, while Domestic Institutional Investors bought shares worth ₹5,693 crore, i.e. they were net buyers. Market experts believe that uncertainty regarding Fed policies, continuous selling by foreign investors, and increasing volatility have slowed down the pace of the Indian market. In the coming days, Global Financial Developments and Commodity Price Movements will decide what will be the next direction of Sensex and Nifty.

A small company that once made graphics chips for video games has today become the largest company in the world. This is the story of Nvidia, whose valuation crossed 5 trillion dollars i.e. Rs 453 lakh crore for the first time on 29 October. The amount of 5 trillion dollars will not be known just by listening. Just understand that this amount is more than the economy of the entire country of India. This can feed the entire world, eliminate poverty and provide shelter to crores of people.

So let us understand in ABP Explainer how much is 5 trillion dollars, what can be bought with this much money and how Nvidia became the most expensive company in the world…

Question 1- What is Nvidia company and what does it make?
answer- Nvidia is a technology company, known for the design and manufacturing of graphics processing units (GPU). It was founded in 1993 by Jensen Huang, Curtis Priem and Chris Malachowski. Its headquarters is in Santa Clara, California. Nvidia is already the world’s most valuable semiconductor firm. It has four engineering development centers in India, located in Hyderabad, Pune, Gurugram and Bengaluru.

Nvidia designs and manufactures chips for gaming, cryptocurrency mining and professional applications. Along with this, its chip systems are also used in vehicles, robotics and other equipment. Consider semiconductor as the brain of electronic gadgets. From computers, laptops, cars, washing machines, ATMs, hospital machines to handheld smartphones, all work on semiconductor chips. This chip helps in operating these gadgets like a brain. Every electronic item is incomplete without it. Semiconductor chips are made of silicon and are used to control electricity in circuits.

On October 29, Nvidia’s market cap reached Rs 5.13 trillion for the first time. Nvidia became the first company in the world to cross this figure. After Nvidia, Microsoft and Apple are the most valuable companies in the world. The market cap of Microsoft is 4.03 trillion dollars i.e. 356 lakh crore rupees. Apple is at third place with $4.02 trillion (Rs 355 lakh crore). Google is at fourth place with $3.25 trillion (Rs 287 lakh crore) and Amazon is at fifth place with $2.45 trillion (Rs 216 lakh crore).

Question 2- What are the reasons for Nvidia becoming a 5 trillion dollar company?
answer- Nvidia became a 5 trillion dollar company due to 7 big reasons…

• Growth in AI: Nvidia’s H100 and Blackwell chips are the fastest and necessary for AI tools like ChatGPT, every big company is using these chips.
• Share rise: The company’s shares have increased 12 times since 2022. In just 3 months the value of the company increased from Rs 4 trillion to Rs 5 trillion.
• Large Orders: CEO Jensen Huang announced $500 billion AI chip order. There is also a plan to build 7 supercomputers for America.
• Trust in company: Investors feel that the cost of AI will continue to increase in the coming years, hence they are continuously investing money in Nvidia.
• No competition in the world: There are competitors like AMD, Intel, but till now no company has been able to make chips as fast and reliable as Nvidia.
• Benefit in US-China tension: America has banned selling high-end chips to China. With this, Nvidia became the favorite company of the US government.
• Smart Leadership of CEO: Jensen Huang turned the company towards AI at the right time. He is now the hero of Silicon Valley and investors have faith in him.

Question 3- What does this 5 trillion dollars mean?
answer- If we understand in simple words, the market value of Nvidia is 5 trillion dollars, that is, if someone buys all the shares today, it will cost this much. Nvidia shares have increased 12 times since the launch of ChatGPT in November 2022. On October 29, Nvidia shares traded at $210 i.e. Rs 18,534 with a rise of 4.5%.

Nvidia is worth more than the cryptocurrency market ($4.9 trillion) and half of Europe’s stock index. According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Nvidia’s value is about Rs 90 lakh crore more than India’s GDP of $ 4.13 trillion (Rs 364 lakh crore). Nvidia also left behind Japan ($4.1 trillion) and UK ($3.7 trillion).

Question 4- How big is the amount of 5 trillion dollars that Nvidia is talking about everywhere?
answer- In fact, this amount becomes so huge that it is beyond imagination. But let’s understand from everyday example…

• 350 AIIMS will be built: On September 15, 2024, the Union Cabinet approved Rs 1,264 crore for Darbhanga AIIMS in Bihar. That means the cost of building an AIIMS hospital is more than Rs 1200 crore. This includes 750 beds, 100 MBBS seats and 60 nursing seats. If we calculate accordingly, around 350 AIIMS can be built for 5 trillion dollars. This means that there will be super specialty hospitals in every corner of India, where lakhs of people will be able to get free treatment.
• 700-800 IIM institutes will be built: The cost of setting up an IIM institute in 2025 is Rs 500-600 crore (estimated from the cost of the entire building campus of IIM Calcutta at Rs 500 crore and fee structure). That means 700-800 IIM institutes can be built with 5 trillion dollars.
• 220 Rafale will be available: The price of one Rafale jet in 2025 is around Rs 2,307 crore. On April 28, 26 Rafale M were ordered from India-France deal worth Rs 63 thousand crore. According to this, 220 Rafales can be purchased with 5 trillion dollars, which will make the Indian Air Force a super power.
• 2 thousand years funding to ISRO: The annual budget of Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is Rs 20 thousand crores. This means that 5 trillion dollars will provide funding for 2 thousand years. This means missions like Chandrayaan will continue for centuries.

Question 5- Can the entire world be fed with 5 trillion dollars?
answer- According to UN World Population Prospects, the world population is 8.1 billion. According to the report of the World Bank’s Food Prices for Nutrition Data Hub, the cost of food for one month per person is $ 3.66 i.e. Rs 4,433. Now if we calculate it with 5 trillion then the whole world can eat food till its stomach for about 12.3 months.

Question 6- What wonders can this money do in eradicating poverty around the world?
answer- According to the June 2025 report of the World Bank, 808 million (80.8 crore) people will be in extreme poverty in 2025. 9.9% of the global population lives on less than $3 per day (Rs 266). According to the World Bank’s Deep Research Program, the annual cost of eradicating poverty per person is $ 100 (Rs 8,867). This means that with 5 trillion dollars, everyone’s poverty will end in about 62 years.

Do you know? India is now bringing its gold back to the country! The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has onshored about 64 tonnes of gold in India in the last six months — in what is believed to be the biggest move so far. In this era of global uncertainties and financial warfare, RBI’s focus is now on keeping its gold reserves safe in the country. The RBI had a total of 880.8 tonnes of gold as of September 2025, of which 575.8 tonnes is now held in India. The remaining 290.3 tonnes is in the custody of the Bank of England and BIS. Apart from this, RBI also has 14 tonnes of gold in the form of deposits. The total value of all these reserves is estimated to be around $95 billion (₹7.9 lakh crore). Recently the RBI also bought 0.6 metric tonnes (600 kg) of new gold — making India one of the countries in the world that are rapidly increasing their gold reserves. Globally, central banks added 166 tonnes of gold this year, taking both gold demand and prices to record highs. This step of RBI clearly shows that now the trust is back on Gold, and India is ahead in this race!