On the first day of the New Year, strong earthquake tremors have been felt in Naypyidaw, Myanmar. An earthquake of 4.6 magnitude has been recorded here. According to the National Center for Seismology, an earthquake of 4.6 magnitude occurred in Myanmar on Thursday evening. The earthquake was recorded at 18:48 IST at a depth of 10 kilometers.

Earthquake was also recorded on Monday
Earlier on Monday i.e. 29th December also NCS had recorded earthquake tremors. Its intensity was estimated at 3.9. According to NCS, the earthquake occurred at a shallow depth of 130 km.

Myanmar vulnerable to tsunami and earthquake risks
Myanmar is known for earthquakes of medium and large intensity along its long coastline. Besides, he also seems to be aware of the dangers of tsunami. Myanmar is stuck between four tectonic plates (Indian, Eurasian, Sunda and Burma plates). They collide with each other.

There was an earthquake in Japan a day before
Earlier on New Year’s Eve, an earthquake of 6 Richter scale was recorded in Japan. The epicenter of the earthquake was found 91 kilometers east. Its depth was 19.3 kilometers. According to the United States Geological Survey, on December 31, on New Year’s Eve, a magnitude 6 earthquake struck Noda city of Japan.

An earthquake of 7.7 magnitude occurred on March 28.
After earthquakes of magnitude 7.7 and 6.4 that hit central Myanmar on March 28, WHO warned of health risks to thousands of people displaced in the affected areas. These include diseases like TB, HIV.

A 1400 km long transform fault line passes between Myanmar and the Andaman Spreading Centre. It connects the Andaman spreading center to the Sagaing area in the north. These areas together represent 46 percent of Myanmar’s population.

However, Yangon is far from the fault trace. It is in great danger due to dense population. In 1903, a strong earthquake of 7.0 magnitude occurred in Bago. Yangon was affected in this.

There are 2 bowlers in T20 International cricket, who have taken 7 wickets each in a match but Sonam Yeshe has become the first bowler who has taken 8 wickets in a T20 match. Bhutan bowler Sonam performed this historic spell in the third match of the 5-match series against Myanmar. Bhutan won the series against Myanmar 5-0.

Who is Sonam Yeshe?

Sonam Yeshe is the Bhutanese bowler who created history by taking 8 wickets in the T20 match. He is a left-arm spinner, who devastated Myanmar’s top order. In this match, he gave only 7 runs in his spell of 4 overs and took 8 wickets.

With the brilliant bowling of Sonam Yeshe, Bhutan defeated Myanmar by 81 runs in the fifth T20 in Bhutan. Batting first, Bhutan team had scored 126 runs. Chasing the target of 127, Myanmar team was reduced to 45 runs. Sonam alone took 8 out of 10 wickets.

! The left-arm orthodox magician claimed 8/7 in 4 overs against Myanmar today. @ICC pic.twitter.com/OtOZofj75n

— BhutanCricketOfficial (@BhutanCricket) December 26, 2025

Sonam Yeshe, born on December 3, 2003, celebrated her 22nd birthday on the 3rd. He has taken 38 wickets in 35 T20 International matches played for Bhutan.

Sonam made this record of taking 8 wickets against Myanmar on 26 December, which was the third match of the 5-match T20 series. Sonam Yeshe took a total of 13 wickets in the series.

Who is the bowler who took the most wickets in T20I matches for India?

Malaysia’s Syazrul Idrus and Bahrain’s Ali Dawood, who have taken 7-7 wickets in a T20. The bowlers who have taken the most wickets in a T20 International match for India are Deepak Chahar and Yuzvendra Chahal.

Chahar took 6 wickets for 7 runs in a spell of 3.2 overs against Bangladesh on November 10, 2019 in Nagpur. Chahal took 6 wickets for 25 runs in 4 overs in the match played against England in Bengaluru on February 1, 2017.

General elections were held in Myanmar for the first time since the 2021 military coup, but the election was held under heavy restrictions, limited areas and the shadow of the ongoing civil war. The elections have taken place at a time when the country’s Nobel Prize-winning leader Aung San Suu Kyi is also in custody and her party National League for Democracy (NLD) has been dissolved. These elections could be conducted only in about one-third of the total 330 townships of the South-East Asian country. Voting was not possible in large parts due to widespread violence and armed conflict.

Polling stations in Yangon, Myanmar’s largest city, opened at 6 am on Sunday (28 December 2025) and closed at 4 pm. However, the situation was not normal across the country. During this period, elections were completely canceled in 65 townships. Voting in the remaining areas was divided into three phases. The next voting in Myanmar will be held on January 11 and January 25. However, the dates of counting and results have not been announced yet. According to Al Jazeera’s report, ‘At least 20 percent of the population has been deprived of voting rights in this election. The biggest question is what was the voting percentage in the cities.

Fear of very low turnout

Election officials were told that only one-third of the registered voters cast their vote. According to reports, turnout was very low due to fear, dissatisfaction and distrust among the people towards military rule. The biggest feature of this election was that anti-army parties were not allowed to participate in the elections. Aung San Suu Kyi’s party NLD has been dissolved and she herself is still in jail. In such a situation, there is every possibility of the army-backed Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) emerging as the largest party.

military chief’s vote

Myanmar’s military chief Senior General Min Aung Hlaing cast his vote in the capital Naypyidaw. After the common citizens cast their vote, they also got their photographs clicked showing their inked finger. He claimed that the election was free and fair. There is nothing wrong in holding elections under military rule. This process is a political and economic new beginning for the country.

Sharp criticism of the United Nations and Western countries

Many western countries and human rights organizations including the United Nations have termed this election as a drama. UN Special Envoy Tom Andrews said, ‘An election conducted by a government that bombs civilians, jails political leaders and criminalizes every dissent is not an election, but a farce conducted at gunpoint. He clearly refused to accept this as a way out of Myanmar’s crisis.

terrible state of civil war

The civil war that started after the 2021 military coup has plunged Myanmar into a serious humanitarian crisis. During this period, about 90,000 people died. More than 35 lakh people were displaced. 2.2 crore people became dependent on humanitarian aid. According to AAPP, more than 22,000 prisoners were taken. Fierce fighting is still going on between the army and rebel groups in many areas.

Also read: Owaisi concern over Bangladesh: ‘All forces are enemies of India…’, Owaisi fires on the situation in Bangladesh, read first reaction

These days Myanmar is struggling with civil war. There was an air-strike on a hospital in Rakhine state on the night of 10 December, in which 30 people died and about 70 people were injured. It is believed that fighters of the rebel group Arakan Army were undergoing treatment or were hiding in this hospital. No official information has yet been shared by the Myanmar Army and Government regarding this air attack.

Civil war started due to coup in 2021

On 1 February 2021, the Myanmar military (Tatmadaw) overthrew the democratically elected government. Aung San Suu Kyi’s National League for Democracy (NLD) won a landslide victory in the 2020 elections, but the military seized power alleging rigging. This led to massive protests across the country, which were crushed with violent repression by the army.

Opponents formed the People’s Defense Force (PDF), the armed wing of the National Unity Government (NUG). Additionally, dozens of ethnic armed groups (such as the Karen National Union, Kachin Independence Organization) are also fighting against the army. These groups have been demanding self-rule for decades.

Rebels capture half of Myanmar

Rebel groups had captured about 40-50% of the country by 2024, especially in the border areas (e.g. Shan State, Rakhine State). But in 2025 the army has started a counteroffensive. For example, in October 2025 the army recaptured the town of Kyaukme from the Ta’ang National Liberation Army (TNLA). However, the army still controls the big cities (Yangon, Naypyidaw).

During this period, China supported the army by providing military aid and pressure, so that its pipelines and rare earth mining projects were safe. This shocked the rebels.

Army targeted civilians

Army air strikes target civilians…

September 2025: School attacked in Rakhine State, 22 students killed. UNICEF condemned.
October 2025: Attack on Buddhist festival in Chaung-yu township, resulting in 32–40 deaths, including children.
Regional Conflict: A long-running fight in Kayah State, where high-intensity combat is taking place between rebels and the army.

There were also attacks on hospitals and villages, such as the attack on 23 October 2024 in which 80 civilians were killed.

World’s rarest mineral wealth in Myanmar

Big powers around the world are adding fuel to the fire in Myanmar’s civil war. They are making their own moves to capture the mineral wealth. Myanmar’s northern border contains the world’s third largest rare earth deposits, which include dysprosium. This is a mineral which is very important for precision-guided weapons, electric vehicles and advanced electronics. That is why whoever has control over it will maintain his dominance in the world for a long time, because through this he will be able to make advanced weapons and expand his technology.

According to the National Center for Seismology (NCS), an earthquake of 3 magnitude occurred in Myanmar on Sunday (November 16). The earthquake occurred at a shallow depth of 10 kilometers, due to which there is a possibility of aftershocks. Let us tell you that shallow earthquakes are more dangerous than deep earthquakes because when they come near the earth’s surface, more energy is released, due to which the ground shakes more and there is more damage to buildings and people get injured.

This situation is more serious than deep earthquakes, because their energy reduces as soon as they reach the surface. Earlier on November 14, an earthquake of 3.9 magnitude had occurred at a depth of 35 kilometers. NCS gave this information in a post on X. Myanmar is vulnerable to threats from earthquakes of medium and large intensity, including the risk of tsunamis along its long coastline.

Myanmar is located between 4 tectonic plates
Myanmar lies between four tectonic plates (Indian, Eurasian, Sunda and Burma plates), which interact in active geological processes. Following the 7.7 and 6.4 magnitude earthquakes that struck central Myanmar on March 28, the World Health Organization (WHO) warned of a series of rapidly increasing health risks for thousands of people displaced in earthquake-hit areas. Which includes TB, HIV, vector and water-borne diseases.

What is sagging fault?
A 1,400 km long transform fault runs through Myanmar and connects the Andaman spreading center to a collision zone to the north called the Sagaing Fault. The Sagaing Fault poses increased seismic risk to Sagaing, Mandalay, Bago and Yangon, which together represent 46 percent of Myanmar’s population.

According to ANI, Yangon is far from the fault trace, yet it is at high risk due to its dense population. Let us tell you that in 1903, there was a strong earthquake of 7.0 magnitude in Bago, which also affected Yangon.

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According to intelligence and defense sources of New Delhi, India has created 3 new military posts on the Bangladesh border. These posts have been made at Bamuni in Dhubri, Assam, Kishanganj in Bihar and Chopra in West Bengal. India is now increasing its closeness with Pakistan, the enemy country which had liberated Bangladesh 54 years ago. After Mohammad Yunus takes power in Bangladesh in 2024, relations with India are worsening day by day. Not only this, on November 9, after 54 years, a warship reached the coast of Bangladesh, which is Pakistan’s PNS Saif.

So let us understand in ABP Explainer how India-Bangladesh relations broke down, why Yunus is supporting Pakistan and whether something big is going to happen…

Question 1- How has India helped Bangladesh in the last 54 years?
answer- Today’s Bangladesh was once East Pakistan. Fed up with the atrocities of the Pakistani Army and the discrimination of the government there, the rebellion started. Bangladesh was formed by defeating Pakistan on 16 December 1971 with the help of Indian Army. In the last 7 decades, India was always ready to help its new neighbour. Even after suffering losses many times…

• In 1996, the two countries signed a ‘Ganga Water Sharing’ treaty for the Ganges River, which was essential for Bangladesh’s agricultural and water needs.
• In 2006, India took a unilateral decision, after which all goods from Bangladesh except cigarettes and liquor come to India at zero tariff. People of Bangladesh buy fabric from China and make clothes and send it to India. This causes problems to India’s local industry. Despite this he has got this facility.
• From 2010 to 2020, India gave a line of credit of about 8 billion dollars i.e. about 68 thousand crore rupees. Invested in 17 projects like roads, railways and ports.
• In 2015, under the Land Boundary Agreement, both the countries divided 162 small areas, which ended the border dispute. In this, India gave 10 thousand acres more land to Bangladesh.
• During Covid in 2021, India gave 33 lakh Covishield vaccines to Bangladesh free of cost and also sent medicines and equipment for hospitals.
• In 2022-23, there was trade between the two countries worth 12.2 billion dollars i.e. about Rs 1.4 lakh crore. It contains most of the daily needs items.
• From 2023, India will send 2 thousand MW electricity to Bangladesh every day. Apart from this, diesel will be supplied to Bangladesh through India-Bangladesh Friendship Pipeline from 2023.
• India had given a grant of Rs 120 crore to Bangladesh for 2024-25. Apart from this, India has given a total line of credit of about Rs 66 thousand crores, out of which a large amount was spent on infrastructure projects.
• Even in 2025, India retained a grant of Rs 120 crore. Apart from this, India provided funding to 77 small projects under High Impact Community Development Projects (HICDPs).

Question 2- How did the attitude of Bangladesh change after the government of Mohammad Yunus?
answer- After the rebellion in Bangladesh in August 2024, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina had to flee the country and took refuge in India. An interim government was formed in Bangladesh and Mohammad Yunus became its head. India-Bangladesh relations were very strong during the time of Sheikh Hasina, but after that the anti-India activities of Bangladesh increased…

1. Bangladesh increased its closeness to Pakistan

• Muhammad Yunus visited Pakistan in September and December 2024 and talked about strengthening relations by forgetting grudges.
• Mohammad Yunus government abolished visa security clearance for Pakistanis.
• Direct maritime connectivity between Pakistan and Bangladesh was started in November 2024.
• According to The Tribune report, the Yunus government had ordered ammunition to Pakistan, which included more than 40 thousand rounds of ammunition and 2,900 RDX of 40 tonnes.
• On October 24, 2025, Pakistan’s Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee chief Shahid Shamshad Mirza reached Bangladesh. Mohammad Yunus gifted him the book ‘Art of Triumph’ containing the map of Greater Bangladesh.
• On November 8, Pakistani Navy Chief Admiral Naved Ashraf also reached Bangladesh on a four-day official visit.
• On November 8, Pakistani warship ‘PNS Saif’ reached Chittagong port of Bangladesh via the Bay of Bengal.

2. Bangladesh increased its closeness to China

• On 26-29 March 2025, Muhammad Yunus visited China and participated in the Boao Forum for Asia. He met Chinese leaders and signed many agreements.
• China will invest more than $1 billion in Bangladesh by 2025, which includes the development of Mongla port. This port is about 200 kilometers away from Kolkata, which increased India’s concerns.
• China announced to donate 4 hospitals, robotic physiotherapy center and cardiac surgery vehicle to Bangladesh.
• China had announced funding of about Rs 3400 crore for the establishment of Industrial Economic Zone (CEIZ) and Mongla Port.
• On October 8, the Bangladesh government approved the purchase of 20 Chinese J-10CE fighter jets for $2.2 billion.
• On October 19, hundreds of people gathered near Shaheed Minar of Chittagong University in Bangladesh demanding implementation of the China-backed Teesta Master Plan. India is against this plan.

3. Bangladesh started showing eyes to India

• On 13 April 2025, the National Board of Revenue (NBR) of Bangladesh banned the import of yarn from India through Benapole, Bhomra, Banglabandha, Barimari and Sona Masjid land ports.
• Asif Nazrul, legal advisor to the interim government of Bangladesh, had said while replying to the Vijay Diwas tweet of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, ’16 December 1971 was the victory day of Bangladesh. India was just an ally, nothing more.
• Mohammad Yunus gifted the book Art of Triumph to many foreign guests. In the controversial map of ‘Greater Bangladesh’ made on this, the north-eastern areas of India have been described as part of Bangladesh.

Question 3- So now does India face a bigger threat from Bangladesh, which has built military posts?
answer- India created 3 new military posts to secure the Siliguri Corridor i.e. Chicken Neck. These are operationally ready and are the answer to the threat from China-Pak-Bangladesh alliance. Apart from this, India reactivated Kailashahar airbase in Tripura, so that the North-East can be kept an eye on.

Actually, Chicken Neck is located in the Indian state of West Bengal, which is 22 kilometers wide. Chicken Neck is very special from the security point of view of India, because it connects North-Eastern India with the western states. If this route is stopped in any way then the north-eastern states of India will be separated and the country will be divided into two parts. It is through this route that imports and exports are made to the north-eastern states of India.

Question 4- Then how can India teach a lesson to Bangladesh?
answer- According to foreign affairs expert and NEHU professor Prosenjit Biswas, India can teach a lesson to Bangladesh in 3 ways…

1. Creating economic pressure: In April 2025, India retaliated against Bangladesh and closed the trans-shipment facility, due to which Bangladesh suffered a loss of about Rs 6,500 crore annually. In May 2025, India imposed import restrictions on Bangladeshi yarn, rice and garments. In response, Bangladesh banned Indian products, but Bangladesh suffered more losses due to India’s trade surplus exceeding ($11 billion). In Budget 2025, India has planned to boost its textile industry so that Bangladesh’s garment market share can be snatched away. Similarly, India should put pressure on Bangladesh.
2. Increasing Tariff on Agricultural Products: India warned of increasing tariffs on Bangladesh’s agricultural products like jute, fish and tobacco. The increase in tariff will be a big blow to Bangladesh’s economy, because 16% of Bangladesh’s GDP comes from exports and India is the second largest export market.
3. Control over power supply: India supplies 2 MW electricity to Bangladesh, which is a major part of Bangladesh’s energy needs. India may reduce supplies or tighten payment terms. This may affect the industrial activities and life of Bangladesh.

Question 5- Will the relations between India and Bangladesh improve or worsen in future?
answer- On April 4, 2025, PM Modi and Mohammad Yunus met for the first time during the BIMSTEC Summit in Bangkok, Thailand. Modi said, ‘We want a positive relationship, but pay attention to the safety of Hindus and extremism.’ Yunus replied, ‘Send Hasina back, she is spreading falsehood.’ This meeting was limited to photos only, no agreement was reached.

Prosenjit Biswas says, ‘It is very difficult to improve relations between India and Bangladesh in 2026, because Bangladesh is coming closer to India’s enemy countries. At the same time, elections can be held in Bangladesh in April 2026. If Bangladesh Nationalist Party wins in this, relations with India will worsen. Bangladesh will stop all trade with India, blockage will start at Chicken Neck, India will completely bypass North-East and movement of goods will happen through Kaladan Port (Myanmar). Bangladesh will suffer the most because about 2 crore Bangladeshis will be unemployed and GDP will fall by 3.8%. But if Awami League comes to power then relations are expected to improve.

From your watch to Agni-6 missile… 95% of the essential rare earth minerals (REE) used in it are produced only by China. That means, if China stops giving REE, then neither the clock will run, nor the electric vehicle will run, nor will there be electricity, nor will American F-35 fighter jets be made. China has the highest number of REE in the world and India is at third place. Experts predict that by 2035, REEs will become so important that without them it will be impossible for any country to become a super power.

So let us understand in ABP Explainer what are Rare Earth Minerals, how China captured the minerals of the whole world and why no country can become a super power without them…

Question 1- What and how are rare earth minerals?
answer- Rare Earth Minerals (REE) are 17 special metals, which look like ordinary soil, but they are the lifeblood of today’s high-tech world. These are called ‘rare’ because they are found everywhere on earth, but it is very difficult and expensive to extract them in pure form. Only 1-2 grams of pure REE comes out from one ton of soil. By 2030, the world needs 140 million EVs, for which 4.9 lakh tonnes of REE will be required every year. According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS) report, these metals are the backbone of all technologies including green energy, defense and AI.

1. Holmium: This is the most powerful magnetic element in the world. It is used in laser devices, nuclear reactors and high-tech magnets.
2. Erbium: It gives off a pink glow, which is used in internet networks, medical lasers and colored glasses.
3. Thulium: It is the rarest mineral after lutetium, which is used in X-ray machines, laser surgery and mobile laser devices.
4. Europium: It produces bright red and blue light. It is used in LED screens, TV displays and currency notes.
5. Ytterbium: It evaporates very quickly. It is used in steel, quantum computing research and medical imaging.
6. Samarium: Magnets made from it do not lose their strength at high temperatures, due to which it is used in making headphones and nuclear weapons.
7. Gadolinium: It absorbs magnetic neutrons, due to which it is used for MRI machines, nuclear reactors and radar systems.
8. Terbium: Produces green light in TV-phones. LED screens, lighting, sensors and high temperature magnets are made from it.
9. Dysprosium: Produces white-yellow light and does not lose power in high temperatures. It is used in making nuclear reactors, hard disk drives and generators.
10. Lutetium: It is the heaviest and strongest among the 17 rare minerals. It is used in petroleum refineries, memory devices and killing cancer cells.
11. Scandium: It is the most special and very light among the 17 rare minerals. It is used in making rocket-helicopter frames, baseball bats and LEDs.
12. Yttrium: It is the most abundant rare mineral on Earth, from which radar systems, superconductors and camera lenses are made.
13. Cerium: Helps in oxidation in chemical reactions. It is used in glass polishing and electronics.
14. Lanthanum: Hydrogen is good at absorption, which makes superconductors and nuclear reactors.
15. Promethium: It radiates, hence is useful as a source of energy, which is used in nuclear research and thermoelectric generators.
16. Niobium: It has high superconductivity, due to which it is used in superconductors, aerospace and jet engines.
17. Tantalum: It does not rust and is not affected by acid. It is used in electronic, medical and aerospace.

Question 2- Which country has the highest number of REE in the world?
answer- China has all the 17 REEs in the world, but most of them are light REE (Nd, Pr, Ce) and heavy REE (Dy, Tb). The world’s largest mine is also in China, which was discovered in 1927. It has more than 57 million tonnes of REE reserves. According to USGS, China controls 70% of the world’s REE reserves and 95% of production. after this-

• Brazil has 21 million tons of REE.
• India is in third place, with 6.9 million tonnes of REE.
• Australia has 5.7 million tonnes of REE.
• Russia has 3.8 million tons of REE and Vietnam has 3.5 tons of REE.
• The US has 1.9 million tonnes of REE and Greenland has 1.5 million tonnes of REE.

Question 3- How did China capture 70% of the world’s REE reserves and 95% production?
answer- This is not a coincidence, but it was China’s 40 year old plan…

• 1980: China subsidized REE, relaxed environmental regulations and gave export tax rebates. China deliberately dropped REE prices by 70% so that countries including the US, Australia and India would stop REE mining. All the countries thought that when they can be imported at cheaper prices, then why spend more money doing mining.
• 1986-1992: Made Baotou ‘Rare Earth Capital’.
• 1990: Declared REE as a ‘strategic resource’ and banned foreign investment.
• 1999: America’s Mountain Pass Mine closed. The same situation happened in Australia and India also.
• 2010: Due to dispute with Japan, exports were stopped for 2 months, due to which REE prices increased by 500%.
• 2023: Tech export banned on NdPr, DyTb.
• 2024: Banned 7 heavy REE (Samarium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Lutetium, Scandium and Yttrium). It was made mandatory for companies exporting these elements to obtain a special export license, due to which the supply of REE was disrupted across the world.
• 2025: 5 and REE (Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Europium and Yttrium) were banned. Due to this, 12 minerals came under the control of China. Before using them, it became necessary to obtain export license from China.

China forced the rest of the world out of the market by lowering prices and then made everyone bow down by banning essential minerals. Today, China produces 270,000 tons of REE in 2025.

Question 4- Why does a country need REE to become a super power?
answer- A country needs REE to become a superpower because in the next 25 years, all the power in the world will be powered by this. Apart from this, in 2035, super power will be identified with weapons. The country which makes the most dangerous weapon will be called a super power. All dangerous weapons cannot be made without REE. For example, 417 kg of neodymium is required to make F-35 fighter jet, if China stops it then America’s Air Force will be destroyed in 18 months. India’s Agni-6 missile requires 9 kg of samarium-cobalt magnets. If China does not give, the 8,000 km range missile will remain on paper. An American submarine requires 4,200 kg of REE, if China did not supply it, not a single new submarine would be built. That means the country which controls REE will be called a super power.

REE is used extensively in our everyday life also. Imagine that one morning you wake up, your watch will not ring due to lack of REE, because there is 0.3 gram neodymium magnet in that small vibration motor. Your electric scooter will not start, because its motor contains 3 kg REE magnet. Lights will not be on in your house and schools because the wind turbine will not run, which requires 4 tons of REE magnets. Internet will not work on your phone, because 6G tower requires Yttrium. Even AI will not be able to work without China, because one AI data center requires 20 tons of REE (cooling and magnetic storage).

Question 5- What will India have to do to become a superpower by 2047?
answer- For India to become a superpower by 2047, complete control over REE is necessary. Today we import 95% of REE from China, but we have the third largest reserve in the world. According to the USGS 2025 report, our production is only 2,900 tonnes every year, which is not even 1% of China’s 270,000 tonnes.

According to experts, if we want to become the world leader in EV, defense and green energy by 2047, then in the next 22 years we will have to create the entire supply chain like China ourselves.

• The short-term target for 2030 is to increase production 10 times.
• IREL’s Odisha plant will have to be doubled to increase NdPr production to 450 tonnes by 2026 and 900 tonnes by 2030.
• GSI will have to explore 1,200 blocks by 2030-31. 195 are already running.
• The capacity of REPM plant in Visakhapatnam will be 3,000 kg per annum.

FATF, an organization that monitors terrorism and money laundering at the global level, has once again warned that North Korea, Iran and Myanmar are still high-risk countries. These countries have not only failed to implement anti-terrorism and anti-money laundering laws, but also remain a threat to the global financial system. FATF has said that removing these countries from the blacklist does not give them any kind of license and international financial institutions will have to be careful with them.

Being in the blacklist means that financial institutions limit their transactions and use of resources with these countries, so that the pressure on these countries to improve according to FATF standards can increase. The FATF constantly reviews its list, but all three countries continue to be included in the high-risk areas.

FATF reviewed the progress of many countries

The FATF reviewed the progress of several countries in 2025, including Algeria, Angola, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Lao PDR, Monaco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nigeria, South Africa, South Sudan, Syria, Venezuela and Vietnam. Of these, Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Nigeria and South Africa have been removed from the gray list of FATF.

FATF warning on Myanmar

Myanmar was blacklisted in October 2022 after it failed to improve on its action plan. FATF said that if progress is not made by October 2025, drastic measures can be taken. According to FATF, Myanmar has not completed most of the tasks even a year after the deadline of its action plan. Some progress has been made, such as the management of seized assets, but urgent action is still needed to address strategic shortcomings.

What is the reason for action against Iran?

Iran has not yet completed its FATF action plan launched in 2018. In October 2025, it passed legislation related to the UN Terrorist Financing Convention, but FATF says that key shortcomings still remain. After February 2020, Iran reported its situation in January, August and December 2024 and August 2025, but there were no significant changes.

FATF has appealed to all countries and financial institutions to take these high-risk countries and their financial transactions seriously, so that the global financial system remains safe.

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The total population of the world is beyond 800 crores. According to the report of the WorldOTER, Christians have the largest population in this and the Muslims who believe in the religion of Islam are at number two. However, in the meantime it is claimed that the situation of Muslims in many countries of the world is bad. If the neighboring country of India talks about Muslims living in China, then Uygar Muslims say there.

Uygar Muslim is a community of Ottoman origin, which mainly lives in Shinjiang province of China. International media and human rights organizations say that there are serious restrictions on their religious freedom in China. Millions of Uygar Muslims are allegedly sent to the re-education camp. The purpose of these camps is said to be weakened their religious and cultural identity. According to the report of Human Rights Watch, control of mosques, restrictions on religious programs and continuous monitoring limits their fundamental rights. China denies these allegations and calls them de-radicalization programs, but globally they are considered to be human rights violations.

Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar
Rohingya Muslims have lived in Rakhine state of Myanmar for centuries, but the Myanmar government did not give them citizenship. Due to this, this community has been most marginalized. On 25 August 2017, there were massive attacks on Rohingya people, which is remembered as Rohingya Genocide Day. Thousands of people were killed in this violence and millions had to leave their homes and flee. Even today millions of Rohingya are living as refugees in Bangladesh, India and other countries. His situation has become a symbol of a major humanitarian crisis.

Muslim community in France and Europe
In France, the Muslim community especially faces difficulties due to religious symbols like religious symbols such as hijab. Reports say that Muslims have to face discrimination in employment and housing. The harsh laws made after terrorist incidents have made the situation of the Muslim community more difficult. Even in countries like Germany, Netherlands and Belgium, Muslims get less employment opportunities and face challenges in getting acceptance in society.

Status in Israel and Palestine
The position of Palestinian Muslims is considered to be the most complex in the world. The report of Human Rights Watch states that the Palestinians living in Gaza and West Bank have been facing political and social struggle for decades. The biggest problem is the continuous access to continuous war, lack of health services, education and basic facilities in Gaza Strip. Along with this, restrictions on movement and freedom are making people’s lives more difficult. This struggle has now taken the form of a humanitarian crisis, not just political.

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Amid reports of drone strikes on militant camps in the Myanmar border adjacent to Nagaland, India’s Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) Chief Lieutenant General Shanjaya Pratap Singh has reached NAPUDODO (capital of Myanmar) on an official visit. During this, the DIA Chief met the Deputy Chief of Myanmar Army and discussed peace, stability and rule of law on the border.

The special thing is that even though the ULFA and other militant organizations are constantly accusing India of drone strikes, the Indian Army has not shared the official information of any such attack. On Saturday (July 19, 2025), militant organizations in the north-eastern states have released videos of their camps and bodies of commanders destroyed in the drone strike.

Discussion on security of India and Myanmar border

According to the information, the DIA Chief met Vice Chairman of Myanmar’s National Security Council and Deputy Commander in Chief Lieutenant General Soe Win at Nayapyido. The main objective of the discussion was related to the security of the India and Myanmar border, as militant organizations like ULFA (I), NSCN (I) and PLA have set up their camps in the Myanmar border area adjacent to India in the last few years.

In such a situation, there is a possibility of deteriorating law and order in Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur and Mizoram. In Myanmar, the hold of Juti (Military) regime is constantly loosening. In such a situation, rebels are dominated in provinces like Arakan, San and Syang. The rule of Junta has been reduced to around the capital Naipido. In such a situation, there is a possibility of anti-India militant organizations being active in the north-east states in the near future.

India’s role in Myanmar earthquake rescue work also discussed

L. General Singh emphasized on increasing defense cooperation between the two countries and strengthening friendly relations between Myanmar’s Deputy Commanding In -Chief. Also, after the earthquake in Myanmar recently, India’s role in relief and rescue operations was also discussed.

During the meeting, the DIA Chief also discussed the multi -party democratic election in Myanmar. In the year 2021, the Army had established the Junna (Military) rule by coupling the elected government of Myanmar.

Review of operational and safety preparations

Meanwhile, Lieutenant General RC Tiwari, Commanding in Chief of Eastern Command (Kolkata) of the Indian Army, visited the headquarters of the Special Corps at Dimapur (Nagaland). The special core (3 core) is the responsibility of the areas adjacent to Myanmar. Lieutenant General Tiwari reviewed the preparations for operational and security during the tour.

The Army Commander also reviewed the new generation of military equipment developed with the aim of increasing war capacity. On July 13, the drone strike on which the militant organizations of the northeast are making allegations, were also in the area of Myanmar adjacent to Nagaland. L. General Tiwari appreciated the formation for the taste of military capacity, dedication, high morale and emerging challenges of the soldiers.

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