It is often seen that whenever a trade deal is finalized, the head of state of another country either comes to India and talks or PM Modi goes to that country and participates in the discussion. In such a situation, the question arises that if PM Modi does not even set foot in any country, can any trade deal be finalized? Let us know what is its process?

How is the deal done without the presence of PM?

Suppose if a trade deal is made between India and any country, then it is not a sudden decision, but is the result of long-running technical and diplomatic discussions. In such cases, it is not necessary for the Prime Minister or the President to be personally present every time. The real work is done by authorized representatives and officials of governments, while top leaders provide political approval and direction.

Who talks on behalf of India in that country?

With whichever country a trade deal is signed, the Indian embassy and commercial wing present there handles such negotiations. The officers posted in this wing represent the business interests of India. These people remain in direct contact with the administration of that country, its trade representatives and related agencies. Issues like tariffs, import-export rules and market access are discussed at these levels.

Who signs the deal?

This type of trade deal is not completed with the signature of any one person. Usually such a deal is in the form of a framework or agreement, which is accepted by the authorized officials of both the countries. From the Indian side, the Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of External Affairs and senior trade representatives of that country finalize the documents.

What is the role of the Prime Minister?

Whatever the issue, the role of the Prime Minister of the country is strategic and political. During any trade deal, it is kept in mind that there is no compromise with the interests of the country, but it remains ready to cooperate with the other country.

When is a deal considered final?

It is important to understand that the agreement of any trade deal is very broad. Many conditions, such as reducing non-tariff barriers or future purchase figures, may be implemented in a phased manner. This means that in future also the officials of both the countries will sit and decide its detailed rules. All these things depend on the final legal provisions of the deal.

Also read: Can’t America impose additional tariff after trade deal, know what are its rules?

India and the European Union (EU) are going to hold a 13th round of talks on the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) in New Delhi this week. This time meditation will be on big issues, such as non-fee obstacles, access to the market and government procurement. The aim of both is to fulfill this agreement by the end of 2025.

In view of America’s changing tariff policies and global economic conditions, this conversation between India and EU has become even more important. EU’s Trade Commissioner Maros Sefkovic and Agriculture Commissioner Christoph Henson will reach Delhi to intensify the conversation. Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal will lead this discussion on behalf of India.

So far, 11 out of 23 parts of the agreement agreed

So far, 11 out of 23 parts of the agreement have been agreed. These include issues such as intellectual property rights, digital trade, small and medium industries (MSMEs), ease of trade, dispute settlement, subsidy and competition rules, durable food system, transparency, regulatory processes and anti-fraud clauses. Apart from this, there may be a quick compromise on the flowing part of the capital.

14th round will start in Brussels in October

After this period of September ends, Brussels will have a 14th round in October. These meetings will discuss big issues especially in technical trade barriers, standards related to health and safety, rules of origin of goods, access to market and government procurement. At the same time, talk on services and investment will also move forward. In July, both sides made their respective proposals and now efforts are being made to balance them.

India and EU want big announcements related to this agreement in India-Eu Summit to be held in the year 2026. For this reason, there will be frequent meetings in Delhi and Brussels in the coming months.

Also read-

‘If you do not agree, the result will be bad’, who gave the last warning to Donald Trump

India and Russia pledged on Thursday (21 August 2025) to increase their bilateral trade and maintain energy cooperation and External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar underlined the need to rapidly remove non-tariffs (tariffs) obstacles and regulatory hurdles. This resolve to increase bilateral trade, including increasing Indian exports to Russia from the two countries, has been taken amidst increasing distance in Indo-US relations regarding the policies of US President Donald Trump on trade and tariffs.

Jaishankar said in a joint press conference after a comprehensive talks with his Russian counterpart Sergei Lavarov, “We believe that relations between India and Russia have been one of the most prominent relations in the world after World War II.” He said, “Geophysical status, public sentiments and leadership will remain its main motivators. Arrived on Tuesday (August 19) to finalize aspects.

Target to promote bilateral trade
In a conversation with Lavarov, Jaishankar said, “Today, the global references for our meeting are emerging geopolitical status, changing economic and business scenario and our shared goal is to maximize our fulfillment.” Jaishankar and Lavarov also discussed ways to deal with terrorism. Jaishankar said, “On the issue of terror, we pledged to fight jointly against all forms and expressions of terrorism.” He said, “I informed about our sovereignty rights to protect our citizens from India’s determination to adopt terrorism and to protect our citizens from terrorism.

Trying to expand bilateral trade
The Foreign Minister said, “We confirmed our shared ambition to expand bilateral trade in a balanced and durable manner, including increasing India’s exports to Russia.” He said, “This requires immediate removing non-fee obstacles and regulatory obstacles.” Increasing Indian exports to Russia in areas such as pharmaceutical, agriculture and textiles will definitely help in removing the current imbalance. “Jaishankar said,” Steps were also taken to ensure the long -term supply of fertilizers. Indian skilled workers, especially IT, can meet Russia’s labor needs in the construction and engineering sector and can deepen cooperation. ”He said that it is also important to maintain energy cooperation through trade and investment.

The issue of Indians serving in the Russian army
The Foreign Minister also raised the issue of some Indians serving in the Russian army. “Although many people have been released, some cases are pending and some are missing. We hope that the Russian side will quickly resolve these matters. ”In the meeting, Jaishankar and Lavarov confirmed the shared commitment of India and Russia to improve global rule. Both sides also discussed the situation in Ukraine, West Asia and Afghanistan. Jaishankar said, “I want to say that India’s attitude considers dialogue and diplomacy necessary to resolve differences.”

Mention of preparations for India-Russia Summit
In the meeting with Lavrov, the Foreign Minister mentioned the preparations for the annual India-Russia summit to be held at the end of the year. He said, “Today I want these bilateral discussions to be carried forward so that we can get maximum results during the annual summit.” It is believed that Jaishankar’s conversation with Lavrov was discussed prominently on India-Russia energy relations.

Tension arose in Indo-US relations
This visit of Jaishankar is taking place at a time when Tension has arisen in Indo-US relations after US President Donald Trump doubled the tariff (fee) on Indian goods to 50 percent. This tariff also includes an additional fee of 25 percent on purchasing Russian crude oil. The Ministry of External Affairs in New Delhi said on Jaishankar’s visit to Moscow, “The purpose of this journey is to further strengthen the India-Russia special and privileged strategic partnership on the test of long-term and time.” Jaishankar on Wednesday held extensive talks with the first Deputy Prime Minister of Russia Dennis Manturov. India has been constantly calling for the end of Russia-Ukraine conflict through dialogue and diplomacy.

S Jaishankar meets Putin
External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar also met Russian President Vladimir Putin on Thursday (21 August 2025). He discussed ways to further extend India-Russia relations. The meeting was held on behalf of Jaishankar a few hours after a comprehensive talks with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, which focused on increasing trade relations between the two countries. Jaishankar held extensive talks with the first Deputy Prime Minister of Russia Denis Manturov on Wednesday, which paid attention to the preparations for Putin’s visit to India for the summit with Prime Minister Narendra Modi later this year.

Also read: China-Pakistan’s ‘IrneClad Friendship’, announcement of CPEC 2.0, know why tension talk for India

India-china: After a decrease in border tension between India and China, now the central government is considering strengthening the trade relations between the two countries. The policy makers consider it a suitable time to improve India-China economic relations amidst US President Donald Trump’s pressure to reduce tariffs on India.

According to the report of the Indian Express, the government believes that normalizing the business relationship with China will give a clear message to the US and will help in dealing with Trump’s pressure. According to sources, there is a discussion between various departments of the Government of India to give relief in some restrictions on trade and investment with China. These bans were imposed in 2020 after a clash between Indian and Chinese soldiers in the Galwan Valley.

Government can take this big step

Based on the demands from the industrial sector, the government is seriously considering some important proposals. These include steps such as relaxation in visa rules for Chinese citizens, tariffs on Chinese products and reduction in non-tariff barriers and re-allowing some restricted Chinese apps.

Apart from this, it is being planned to release visas for Chinese scholars and to resume air services between India and China. In the field of investment, the Government of India is considering allowing capital flow from Beijing, so that the trade deficit between the two countries can be balanced. According to the current policy, the government’s approval is necessary for investment from countries sharing land border with India.

Strategy to give clear message to America

According to sources, some officials of the Government of India believe that by taking steps towards normalizing trade relations with China, the US can be indicated that India is capable of taking independent decisions about its trade policy. The government wants to show the business restrictions with China and show that it can take policy decisions according to its interests. The Finance Ministry also gave a presentation in favor of relaxing something in trade restrictions at the beginning of this financial year. At the same time, the Ministry of Commerce Ministry is also considering compulsory BIS certification and quality control order (QCOS) on imported products from China.

Decision will be beneficial for small and medium industries

According to a senior official, it has now become necessary to restore business relations, especially in the post -President’s tenure. Long and medium industries had been demanding the removal of trade and non-traditional obstacles for a long time. Apart from this, there is also a discussion on giving some relief in visa rules to allow Chinese technicians and workers working in infrastructure projects to work in India.

China is interested in business restoration

According to sources, China is also keen to re -establish trade relations with India. China has proposed to encourage investment of Chinese companies in the Indian market keeping in mind India’s growing trade deficit. In 2023, the trade deficit between India and China exceeded $ 83 billion. China is mainly exported to primary products from India, while the goods imported from China see a lack of competition in the Indian market, causing this deficit to increase.

Graduate discount will be given slowly

According to a senior official of the Government of India, business restrictions with China may be gradually exempted, allowing Chinese companies to invest in India. However, the government will ensure that Chinese companies participate only in partnership with Indian companies and China’s stake in those projects was minority. This will encourage Chinese investment in India in a controlled manner, which will benefit the Indian market and companies.