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Munir-Shahbaz are repeatedly remembering Operation Sindoor, is Pakistan cooking Khichdi with China-Turkey?

Admin — Sun, 16 Nov 2025 06:42:25 +0000

Pakistan’s biggest weakness came to light in Operation Sindoor launched by India in May 2025. Its satellite surveillance network could not work in intense war-like situations. Pakistan Army could not get timely and clear satellite images to understand the ground situation. For this reason, many important moments of the war were missed by Pakistan. This weakness forced Pakistan to rapidly strengthen its space surveillance system.

Cooperation with China, Turkey and Europe
After revealing the weaknesses, Pakistan launched three new satellites in a few months. At the same time, it started trying to strengthen its surveillance capacity by increasing cooperation with China, Turkey, America and European companies.

January 2025: Two big satellites launched in three days
First Satellite -PAUSAT-1

Pakistan launched PAUSAT-1 from SpaceX’s Falcon-9 rocket. According to the report published in The Sunday Guardian, this 10U nano-satellite has been developed by Pakistan’s Air University in collaboration with Turkey’s Istanbul Technical University. It is equipped with high-resolution cameras and special sensors, which provide clearer data of land, crops and buildings. Pakistan is also getting indirect access to European technology through partnership with Turkey.

Second satellite- PRSC-EOL
On January 17, Pakistan launched a new Earth observation satellite named PRSC-EOL from China’s Jiuquan station. Although it is said to be ‘Made in Pakistan’, the design, technology and launch is done with the help of China. It is used in monitoring agriculture, cities and environment, but its military use is also clearly visible.

HS-1 was sent in October 2024
HS-1 is Pakistan’s first hyperspectral satellite, which was launched by China. It is capable of detecting hidden military bases, understanding airbase activities and detecting changes in infrastructure.

Why did Pakistan fail during Operation Sindoor?
During Operation Sindoor, Pakistan’s main military satellite PRSS-1 could capture clear images of Indian airbases – Pathankot, Udhampur and Adampur only once. After this, due to weather and orbit problems, no useful images were obtained for several hours. During this period, India made many changes, which Pakistan could not catch in time. An old satellite named PakTES-1A had already stopped functioning.

Ground system also weak, no backup
Pakistan has only two ground stations – Karachi and Islamabad. Karachi station remained closed for 18 hours during the floods of 2022, due to which the necessary photographs were delayed. The plan for a backup station in West Pakistan is still incomplete.

European pictures are available, but no control
Pakistan can order photos from Airbus and European companies, but cannot retask them immediately. European images were delayed by 36–48 hours during the Iran–Pakistan tensions in 2024. At the same time, China’s PRSS-1 can send fresh photos in about 4-6 hours. For this reason, China’s role still remains most important for Pakistan.

Preparation to launch SAR satellite by 2026–27
Pakistan now wants to build a SAR satellite that can take pictures even in clouds and at night. This technology gives real military surveillance capability to a country.

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How is a satellite located so far away controlled? Know how the signal reaches

Admin — Wed, 15 Oct 2025 05:44:09 +0000

Satellite Technology: Satellites moving in space appear millions of kilometers away, yet we are able to control them, send commands, take data and change their orbit. All this is possible due to the systematic combination of signal, antenna and ground-based control center. Let us understand in simple language how this entire process works.

Ground Station and Mission Control

Each satellite has one or more ground stations, centers with large antennas that send and receive radio signals to and from the satellite. Mission control i.e. control room decides which commands to send, when to give psychological commands to the satellite and the received telemetry data is monitored. The ground station always keeps track of the satellite and gives it necessary commands. This process is known as Telemetry, Tracking & Command (TT&C).

How does the signal come and go

When the control center sends a command, it comes out from the ground antenna in the form of radio waves, this is called uplink. The satellite receives that signal and reads it through its on-board computer and implements the command. Whereas the data sent by satellite such as images, system health or results of experiments, the signal coming to the ground is called downlink. Both these signals are in different frequency bands (like S-band, X-band, Ka-band) to reduce interference and increase data speed.

Ledger and real-time connection

Some modern missions also use laser communications instead of radio. Laser beams provide very high speed and low interference links but require precise pointing and clear weather.

The biggest challenge of signal is distance. Signals take time even at the speed of light. For example, signals to satellites near low-Earth orbit (LEO) take milliseconds to reach, while signals to geostationary-orbit (GEO) — about 36,000 km from Earth — take about 120 milliseconds one way (double the round-trip). Relative motion between the satellite and the ground station in space causes Doppler shifts, so the ground station constantly adjusts the frequency to accurately capture the signal.

antenna and pointing

Large dish antennas or phased-arrays of ground stations are pointed precisely in the direction of the satellite. Satellites also have high-gain antennas that target small areas of the ground. Precise pointing ensures that the signal remains strong and clear.

Data security and reliability

Encryption and authentication are required on the command and telemeter so that no unauthorized party can control the satellite. Also, error-correction coding is used so that despite noise and interference, the data is delivered clean.

Many satellites are now autonomous in some cases, that is, they take small decisions on their own (such as power-management or antenna-re-alignment) because quick commands from the ground are not always available. In addition, mission-control has redundant ground stations and automated scripts to ensure the satellite remains safe in the event of an emergency.

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Know this important thing before using geyser in winter! Otherwise one mistake can cause a blast

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NISAR launched from Sriharikota, now earthquake-listening will already be alert

Admin — Wed, 30 Jul 2025 16:32:56 +0000

July 30 became a historic day for India and the whole world, when NASA and ISRO joint project NISAR (NASA-Isro Syntic Aperture Radar) satellite was successfully launched. The launch took place at 5:40 pm from Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, which is being seen as a big jump in India’s space science.

Nisar satellite made in partnership between ISRO and NASA
NISAR i.e. Nasa-Isro Syntic Aperture Radar is a special satellite, which is prepared by ISRO of India and NASA of America. Its purpose is to inspect the surface of the earth very closely so that the complex processes on our earth can be understood. This satellite will monitor the changes in the forests, the breakdown of snow sheets, the rise of sea level, lack of ground water and natural disasters.

Even 1 centimeter change in the surface of the earth will be able to catch
Nisar’s radar is the first device of its kind in space in terms of technology, which will work very accurately. It will scan the surface of the entire Earth in a systematic way and will also measure such changes that will be equal to only 1 centimeter. This means that this satellite can already indicate us of natural disasters and can be warned in time.

#Watch Nasa-Isro Nisar Satellite Onboard GSLV-F16 Launched from Satish Dhawan Space Center (SDSC) in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh

Nisar, or nasa-isro synthetic aperture radar is a joint venture of isro and nasa and has been designed to provide a detailed View of the earth to… pic.twitter.com/cx942pcuffj

– ANI (@ani) July 30, 2025

Mission NISAR characteristics
The NISAR mission jointly developed by Space Agencies ISRO and NASA of India and the United States is the first satellite mission of its kind. This satellite uses advanced sweep SAR technology, which is capable of taking pictures of broad area with high resolution. NISAR was launched by GSLV rocket from Sriharikota at Sun-Synchronous Polar Orbit, which is the first mission of GSLV in this class.

After the launch, the first 90 days will be held in commissioning or in-orbit checkout (IOC). This satellite will provide 3D photos of the land and ice of the Earth, which will help scientists a lot of earthquakes, landslides, sea ice and glaciers monitoring, crop management and disaster warning system. This satellite will also play an important role in policy and planning to deal with governments to deal with natural and human-related dangers. The NISAR, NASA and ISRO launched by now is the most advanced radar system, which will provide large amounts of data on a daily basis.

Configuration and operation of spacecraft
The NISAR spacecraft is based on the I-3K structure of ISRO and includes two major payloads-L-band and S-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The S-band radar system, data handling, high-speed downlinks, spacecraft and launch system have been developed by ISRO, while L-band radar, GPS receiver, solid-set recorder, 12 meter reflector and 9 meter boom have been provided by NASA.

ISRO will take over the command and operation of the spacecraft of this mission, while the NASA Orbital Operations and Radar Operation Scheme will be provided. Ground stations of both ISRO and NASA will be used for data obtaining and processing data. L and S-Band SAR data obtained from the same platform will give scientists accurate information in understanding the subtle changes happening on the Earth’s surface.

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Nasa and isro to launch nisar earth monitoring satellite on 30 July

Admin — Tue, 29 Jul 2025 16:21:09 +0000

The NASA-INRO Synthetic Apparel Satellite will be launched on Wednesday (July 30) for better assessment of dangers such as landslides and floods, along with monitoring soil moisture and vegetation on earth. The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and the American Space Agency NASA have tied-up for this mission.

NISAR Satellite will be launched from Satish Dhawan Space Center in Andhra Pradesh on 30 July 8:10 AM (Indian time). For this, spacecraft of pickup truck size will be used. After reaching the orbit of this satellite, its dual-frequency radar will revolve around the earth 14 times a day. This will scan all land and snow surfaces on the earth every 12 days. This will make it easier for scientists to monitor soil moisture. Along with this, threats like landslides and floods can be better assessed.

For this satellite, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) has created a long-wavelend L-band radar. India’s Space Applications Center has built a short-wavelend S-band radar. From this dual-frequency design, NISAR is the first meaning satellite with two radar systems. The spacecraft with its launch vehicle has been integrated at the Satish Dhawan Space Center used for the launch of satellites in India.

Gaganyaan’s first trial to send humans into India’s space will be done by the end of this year. ISRO has started preparations for this. Recently, ISRO Chairman, V Narayanan had said that three -un -crew space missions will be tried from October this year. This will be followed by two crew trial missions. The country’s first Astronaut will fly in an orbital space flight in 2027. With the success of this mission, India will become the fourth country in the world to send Human Mission in Space. Indian Astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla returned to the land on July 15 after spending more than two weeks at the International Space Station (ISS). He is the first Indian to visit ISS. However, he is the second person in the country to go to space after Wing Commander Rakesh Sharma.

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Starlink Internet Connection Kit Cost Over Rs 30000 in India Montly Plans Starting 850 INR EXPECTED ALLL DETAILS

Admin — Sat, 14 Jun 2025 05:41:58 +0000

In India, Elon Musk’s company Starlink has got a license to start satellite internet service and now preparations for its commercial launch have also started. Starlink claims that it will deliver high-speed internet to far-flung areas of the country, that too without any mobile tower or fiber line. According to a recent report, Starlink India is preparing to offer 10 USD, ie a basic internet plan with a monthly price of about Rs 850, but before this plan, users may have to pay a hefty amount at a time, which will be taken for the internet kit of Starlink, which will include satellite dishes, routers, cables and other necessary equipment.

What is the cost of a starlink connection?

The internet connection given by Starlink may come through the satellite, but the work of transporting it to the device is of many other tools and equipment and the real price is of them. The way a fiber is a router for broadband connection and for this, users have to pay some installation fees. Similarly, an installation kit is also required for Starlink Satellite Internet Service.

If Starlink live for other countries Website If you look at the details present, then this internet kit is somewhat DIY i.e. ‘Do It EURSELF’ kit, which any user can install themselves. For this you do not need any special engineer or technician. The kit consists of a satellite dish, a power adapter, a starlink router, a 15 -meter starlink cable and an AC cable. All these things work together to create a Wi-Fi network in your home by taking an internet signal from the satellite.

This service of Starlink in India can be launched especially for areas where services like 5G, 4G or fiber broadband have not yet reached. In such remote and rural areas where mobile network is also weak, the setup of Starlink can be revealed as an option. However, its initial price can be slightly heavy for many users. Talking about foreign markets, this kit in the US comes to $ 349, which sits around Rs 30,000 in India by the current exchange rate. In some countries, this figure goes up to Rs 36,000 in Indian currency.

The company has not yet released plans for India. However, a report that came some time ago claimed that the price of basic service could be kept at $ 10 per month to woo users initially. However, the installation charge may have to be paid separately at that time. That is, a lump sum investment is necessary to use starlink for the first time, only then the monthly plan will be implemented.

After getting a license from DOT, Starlink will now apply for a trial spectrum in India and after that the process of installing the user terminal will begin. The company’s plan is to focus on the rural area in the next few months and roll out its service, so that the connectivity of the Internet in those areas can be increased where any network has not yet access.

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James Webb Telescope Made Important Discovery, It Detects Frozen Water in Young Star System for the first time

Admin — Sun, 08 Jun 2025 06:20:28 +0000

For the last several decades, scientists have been guessing about the origin of life on the earth and the source of water reaching. A theory for this is that water was present around our planet, especially in the outer layers of the solar system. A strong evidence has been found in favor of this theory. Researchers at the American Space Agency NASA have found using the James Webb Space Telescope that a star such as the Sun, 155 light years away from the earth, is a layer of debris around HD 181327.

One published in Science Alert Study According to, this star system is only 2.3 million years old, which is much younger than the solar system of about 4.6 billion years old. This star system is currently in its early stages. The prominent writer and research scientist of this study, Chen XIE, stated in a press release issued by NASA, “James Webb Telescope has also detected frozen water as well as transparent water ice, which is also found in Kuiper Belt around Saturn and our solar system. This type of snow is important for a planet.

Researchers have found the frozen ice around HD 181327 using the James Webb Telescope’s Near-Informade Spectograph. In February this year, NASA launched the Lunar Trailblazer satellite to search for water on the moon. Its weight is about 200 kg. It is about 3.5 meters wide when its solar panel is completely opened. This satellite was launched in a space from Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The Falcon 9 rocket of Spacex was used for this. Moonlunar Trailblazer has been created by American defense and aerospace company Lockheed Martin.

Earlier, there was a sign of some amount of water present on the moon. There may be large amounts of ice made of frozen water on the moon on the moon. Lunar trailblazer has been sent to find water on the surface of the moon and to know its location.

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Starlink May Soon Launch Satellite Internet Service in India, Its License is Getting Approved by Dot

Admin — Thu, 05 Jun 2025 17:30:17 +0000

Starlink, which provides satellite internet service of Billionaire Elon Musk, may soon launch its service in the country. Starlink may get Global Mobile Communication by Satellite (GMPCS) license from the Telecom Department (DOT).

This license allows satellite based network service providers to install satellite terminals. A media report states that Starlinks were given a deadline to fulfill the conditions related to the Security Compliance in the letter of intent (Loi) by June 7 and the company has completed it. However, this does not mean that Starlink service can begin immediately. This report states that the company will have to install gateways. This is a network operations center and may take a few months.

Starlink will have to take the final approval from the Inter-Menristial Standing Committee. After this the company will be allotted provisional spectrum. However, Kuiper, a project related to the satellite internet service of American technology company Amazon, has not received approval to start service in the country. Amazon has not been released by DOT for this service. Starlink is developed by Musk’s rocket company Spacex. It is providing high-speed broadband internet service in many countries using satellite technology. Geostationary satellites are used for general internet services. In contrast, Starlinks uses the largest low meaning orbit consultation.

Telecom companies like Reliance Jio and Bharti Airtel have said that if the price of satellite spectrum is kept low then it will harm their business. These companies say that this can benefit Starlink companies. Last month, the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) proposed to pay four percent of their annual revenue to the central government for satellite internet service providers. Starlinks lobbied for not auctioning the satellite spectrum. This company said that licenses should be given according to the international trend for this. Starlinks argued that this is a natural resource that companies associated with communication should share.

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Reliance Jio, Airtel Comes TogaTher Against Starlink of elon musk, disappointed with low price for satellite spectrum

Admin — Wed, 04 Jun 2025 17:19:25 +0000

Satellite internet services may start soon in the country. However, earlier telecom companies like Reliance Jio and Bharti Airtel have said that if the price of satellite spectrum is kept low then it will harm their business. This can benefit companies providing satellite internet service like Billionaire Elon Musk’s Starlink.

Last month, the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) proposed to pay four percent of their annual revenue to the central government for satellite internet service providers. Starlinks lobbied for not auctioning the satellite spectrum. Starlink said that licenses should be given for this as per the International Trend. The company argued that this is a natural resource whose communication companies should share.

A report by Reuters states that the Cellular Operators Association of India, in a letter to the Telecom Ministry later last month, has demanded a review of this proposal related to pricing of satellite spectrum. The letter states that satellite internet service providers about 21 percent more to the spectrum than the price for internet service providers. Reuters have seen this letter. It said, “The spectrum should be equally or compared per mHz price per mHz price.”

In this regard, Reliance Jio and Airtel did not answer the request sent by Reuters for comments. Starlink was not available for comment about this. A senior government official told Reuters that the Telecom Ministry is reviewing TRAI’s suggestions. He said that such apprehensions have been raised by the telecom industry before. Over the years, Reliance Jio and other telecom companies have spent about $ 20 billion to get 5G spectrum in auction for telecom, data and broadband service. Reliance Jio demanded auction for satellite spectrum.

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Starlink of elon musk gets permission to offer satellite internet service in India

Admin — Thu, 08 May 2025 13:10:49 +0000

Satellite internet service may start soon in the country. Billionaire Elon Musk’s Starlink has received permission from the government to provide this satellite communication services. The Telecom Department (DOT) has issued a letter of introduction (LOI) to Starlink for this.

Starlink is developed by Musk’s rocket company Spacex. It provides high-speed broadband internet service in many countries using satellite technology. Geostationary satellites are used for general internet services. In contrast, Starlinks uses the largest low meaning orbit consultation. Starlinks permission for this service was received by India a day after attacking terrorists’ bases in Pakistan. However, DOT sources say that this decision has no connection with increasing tension between India and Pakistan.

Jio Satellite Communications and Eultsat Onweb have already been licensed for this service. These companies will be able to start their service for this after spectrum is allotch. Telecom Regulatory TRAI satellite is preparing suggestions related to allocating spectrum for internet services. The Telecom Department (DOT) has released the rules associated with security for satellite internet services. Under these rules, there is a ban on linking the connection of users from a terminal outside the country’s border. Along with this, companies offering satellite internet service will not be able to process their data abroad.

In these rules, it has been necessary for companies providing this service to the ground segment of satellite network within a few years of starting business in the country. Rules issued by DOT states that the company with a license for satellite internet service will have to take security clearance for special gateways and hub locations in the country. Recently, Starlink signed an agreement with the country’s big telecom companies Reliance Jio and Bharti Airtel.

(This news has not been edited by the NDTV team. It has been published directly from the syndicate feed.)

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Telecom Department Issues Security Norms for Satellite Internet Companies Before Launch of Elin Musk’s Starlink in India

Admin — Tue, 06 May 2025 13:55:06 +0000

The Telecom Department (DOT) has released the rules related to security for satellite internet services in the country. Under these rules, the connection of users has been banned from a terminal outside the country’s border. Along with this, companies offering satellite internet service will not be able to process their data abroad.

In these rules, it has been made mandatory for companies providing this service to the ground segment of satellite network within a few years of starting business in the country. The race to start this service includes Billionaire Elon Musk’s Starlink, Bharti Group’s Investment Onweeb and Jio Satellite Communications.

Rules issued by DOT states that the company with a license for satellite internet service will have to take security clearance for special gateways and hub locations in the country. Recently, Starlinks tied up with the country’s big telecom companies Reliance Jio and Bharti Airtel. Telecom minister Jyotiraditya Scindia had said, “There are many remote areas in the country where fiber or mobile connectivity cannot be transported. If you do not have a satellite internet then how will you reach 100 percent coverage?” Along with this, he said that if natural disasters damage towers and fiber networks, then satellite connectivity is the only method.

Starlink has not received regulatory approval to start satellite internet service in India. Starlink is waiting for rules on spectrum pricing. However, obstacles for this company are removing. Recently, Muhammad Yunus, the chief advisor to the interim government of Bangladesh, invited Musk to start Starlink’s service. India is the second largest market of internet in the world. The charge for mobile internet in the country is much cheaper than other countries. Scindia had said that only companies providing satellite internet service will decide pricing for this. DOT has not given a license to any foreign company for this service.

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