In polluted areas like Delhi-NCR, health insurance claims are increasing so rapidly that insurance premiums may become more expensive in the future. Air Pollution related claims will increase from 6.4% in 2022 to 9% in 2025 i.e. a jump of 14%. In September 2025 alone, 9% hospitalizations are linked to pollution related diseases. The diseases: shortness of breath, heart issues, eye irritation, skin allergy Shock: Children below 10 years = 43% claims! This is 5x more than any other age group. Adults (31–40): 14% Seniors (60+): 7% Cost impact The cost of treating breath & heart diseases increased by 11% last year. Average air-pollution health insurance claim: ₹55,000 Average hospital cost: ₹19,000 per day Cities Most Affected: Delhi leads in Claims Ratio high: Bengaluru, Hyderabad Cases are also increasing rapidly in Tier-2 cities like Jaipur, Lucknow, Indore. Meaning the impact of pollution is failing even beyond the metros. In VIDEO we will breakdown how air pollution is silently increasing your health bills, insurance premium and hospital costs.

Discussions regarding the 8th Pay Commission have intensified, and every government employee has only one question in his mind – how much will the salary increase? The answer lies in a small number called Fitment Factor. This decides how much the old basic salary will be increased. The fitment factor in the 7th Pay Commission was 2.57, due to which the basic of ₹10,000 increased to ₹25,700. Now if the 8th Pay Commission talks about increasing the minimum wage from ₹ 18,000 to ₹ 30,000, then the Fitment Factor becomes 1.67 – i.e. an increase of about 67%. But the government doesn’t just look at inflation — it also assesses how the hike will affect government spending, fiscal balance and GDP. This is why experts believe that the Fitment Factor can be between 1.6 to 1.8 – meaning a salary increase of 60% to 80% is possible! Now eyes are on the next step of the government, when ToR (Terms of Reference) of 8th Pay Commission will be released. Only then will it be decided how much happiness will come into the pockets of the employees.

US President Donald Trump said in the Blueroom of the White House on October 8, ‘We have solved 7 wars and are close to solving the 8th. I don’t think anyone in history has solved so many cases, but the Nobel Committee will definitely find some way to not give me the Nobel.

This statement of Trump ultimately turned out to be true. The Nobel Peace Prize for 2025 went to Venezuelan opposition leader Maria Corina Machado instead of Trump. Trump had been claiming for the Nobel Prize for the past several months, but his efforts were unsuccessful.

So let us understand in ABP Explainer why the Nobel Committee did not choose Trump, will Trump’s desperation for the Peace Prize end and what will Trump do next…

Question 1- Why did US President Donald Trump not receive the Nobel Peace Prize?
answer- Foreign affairs expert and JNU professor Dr. Rajan Kumar gives four big reasons for this…

1. Lack of timing and durability of peace efforts
The Nobel Committee focuses on long-term, sustainable peace, not short-term deals. Trump’s efforts like Gaza ceasefire and Ukraine summit took place in September 2025. Whereas the last date for nomination for Nobel was 31 January. Trump’s efforts came too late. The committee decides in advance who will get the Nobel.

2. Distance from multilateral institutions and international cooperation
The Nobel Will focuses on ‘Fraternity between Nations’, which promotes the United Nations and multilateral diplomacy. Trump’s policy cut WHO funding, pulled out of the Paris Climate Agreement and put pressure on NATO. This action of Trump hurts the peace building.

3. Ignoring climate change
The Nobel Committee considers climate as a ‘long-term peace threat’. Trump called climate change a ‘hoax’ and pulled out of the Paris deal. He does not believe in climate change, which is disqualifying for the Nobel. The Trump administration reduced climate funding by 40%, whereas previous Nobel-winning US presidents had focused on climate.

4. Independence of Nobel Committee and Trump’s overall lack of fit
The Nobel Committee stays away from political pressure. Trump’s lobbying i.e. nominations from Netanyahu and Pakistan government had a negative impact. Apart from this, Trump had openly called the Finance Minister of Norway and asked for the Nobel.

Question 2- Apart from Trump, who were the contenders for the Nobel Peace Prize?
answer- Apart from Trump, there were 8 big contenders for the Nobel Peace Prize…

1. Elon Musk: Continuous support for the defense of freedom of expression and peace.
2. Imran Khan: Efforts to strengthen human rights and democracy in Pakistan.
3. Greta Thunberg: Spreading global awareness against climate change and environmental peace.
4. Yulia Navalnaya: Protecting human rights in Russia and carrying forward Alexei Navalny’s legacy.
5. Sudan Emergency Response Rooms: Provided humanitarian aid to civilians during war and famine in Sudan.
6. Committee to Protect Journalists: Ensured the safety of journalists and freedom of the press.
7. Anwar Ibrahim: Mediating the Thailand-Cambodia Ceasefire and Regional Peace.
8. Pope Francis: Worked for peace, environment and the poor.

Apart from these, Maria Machado was also among the nominations, who has won the Nobel Peace Prize 2025.

Question 3- Which countries nominated Trump for the Nobel Peace Prize?
answer- Pakistan, America, Israel, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Cambodia, Rwanda, Gabon and Malta nominated Trump for the Nobel Prize. Many reports claimed that Argentina had also made recommendations for Trump.

According to the rules of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, the last date for nominations for the 2025 Nobel Peace Prize was 31 January 2025. Every year the nomination process starts from 1st February and only the names received till that day are valid. Trump took oath as President on January 20 and the nomination process stopped just 11 days later. In such a situation, Trump’s claim was weak.

Question 4- Why was Trump so desperate to get the Nobel Peace Prize?
answer- Trump’s desperation for the Nobel Peace Prize was visible from his first term…

• In July 2019, in a press conference at the White House, Trump had said, ‘Barack Obama got the Nobel just for giving a speech. Actually I should meet.
• In September 2020, a peace agreement was signed between Israel and Arab countries. Regarding America’s role, Trump said, ‘The Nobel Committee should nominate me.’

Even in his second term, Trump expressed his claim for the Nobel Peace Prize several times…

• In June 2025, Trump said that I should have got Nobel 4-5 times.
• Said in October 2025, ‘If I do not get the Nobel, it will be an insult to America.’

According to Dr. Rajan Kumar, Trump’s desperation is due to two big reasons…

1. To be included in the list of American Presidents who won Nobel Prize.
Before Trump, 4 American Presidents have received the Nobel Peace Prize. These include Barack Obama, Jimmy Carter, Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt, but Obama’s Nobel Prize bothers Trump the most. He has repeatedly said that Obama ‘didn’t deserve’ and ‘Obama didn’t do much’. Trump wants to defeat Obama at any cost, for which the Nobel Peace Prize is very important.

2. Peacemaker hunger to become a global leader
Trump is famous for aggressive policies. But he wants to create his image as a global peacemaker leader. America has been accused of instigating many wars like the Iran-Israel war. Trump wants that during his presidency, America’s image should become that of a country that mediates for peace. Nobel will fulfill this dream of Trump. Apart from this, Trump is hungry for strengthening his self-image and praise.

Question 5- What did Trump do to get the Nobel Peace Prize?
answer- According to an article in the Norwegian newspaper Dagens Næringliv on August 14, in July 2025, Trump had called Norway’s Finance Minister Jens Stoltenberg and asked for the Nobel Prize. Trump has stopped 8 major wars in 2025…

1. India-Pakistan conflict: On May 7, India avenged the Pahalgam attack by carrying out ‘Operation Sindoor’ in Pakistan and destroyed many terrorist hideouts. After 4 days of conflict, on May 10, Trump announced a ceasefire on Truth and said, ‘I stopped the war between two nuclear power countries.’

2. Israel-Iran War: On June 13, Israel launched an airstrike on Iran, in which Iran’s nuclear laboratories were destroyed and many top leaders were killed. On June 24, Trump called for ceasefire and said, ‘I stopped the 12-day war between Israel and Iran.’

3.Kosovo-Serbia dispute: There was ethnic and historical tension between the two countries since 1998, which was ended by Trump on June 27. He said, ‘I stopped Kosovo and Serbia from the brink of a major war.’

4. Rwanda-Congo conflict: On June 27, Trump stopped the ongoing genocide in the Congolese rebel conflict. He said, ‘I got Rwanda and Congo to sign the ‘Great Treaty’ and the rebellion stopped.’

5. Thailand-Cambodia Conflict: On July 24, conflict began between the two countries over Preah Vihear Temple and the surrounding disputed areas. Trump declared ceasefire after just 4 days. He said, ‘I stopped the decades-old border war between Thailand and Cambodia through mediation.’

6. Egypt-Ethiopia dispute: There was a conflict between the two countries over the Nile Dam water dispute, which was ended by Trump in July 2025. Trump said, ‘It was an endless water war, but it was resolved.’

7. Armenia-Azerbaijan dispute: There was an ongoing dispute between the two countries regarding the Nagorno-Karabakh area since 1988. On August 8, Trump called the Presidents of both the countries to the White House and brokered an agreement. Trump said, ‘I called Armenia and Azerbaijan to the White House and got them to sign a 17-point peace treaty.’

8. Israel-Hamas War: On October 9, a ceasefire was imposed on the war between Israel and Hamas that has been going on since 2023. Trump released a new Gaza plan, the first phase of which was agreed to by both Israel and Hamas. Trump wrote on Truth, ‘This is the first step towards a strong and lasting peace’.

Question 6- Will Trump’s struggle for the Nobel Peace Prize end?
answer- According to Dr. Rajan Kumar, Trump’s struggle to get the Nobel Peace Prize will not end. He has to surpass Barack Obama at any cost, so he will keep trying. However, Trump may receive the Nobel Peace Prize next year i.e. 2026. Whatever wars Trump stopped and all the hard work he did for the Nobel may bear fruits next year, because Trump has enough time for nominations.

According to experts, Trump will definitely win the Nobel. All the wars that are still going on or have not ended completely, will end them. They will work on a new strategy and prepare for next year’s prize. Trump will avoid taking any wrong decision in panic, because it will affect the next Nobel.

Question 7- What is Nobel Prize and how is it received?
answer- The Nobel Prize was established on 27 November 1895 on the basis of the will of Swedish scientist Alfred Nobel. It is available in 6 categories, which include Physics, Medicine, Chemistry, Literature, Economics and Peace. It is given only to those who have done the work of providing ‘the greatest benefit to mankind’. Nobel Prizes were awarded for the first time in 1901 and Rabindranath Tagore is the first Indian to win the Nobel Prize.

No person can nominate anyone for the Nobel Peace Prize. Only those people can nominate who are authorized by the Nobel Committee.

• Nominations for Nobel can be made by the President, Prime Minister, Parliamentarian, Justice of the International Court, former Nobel laureates, professors of universities, current and former members of the Nobel Committee and heads of some special institutions and organizations.
• Nobel nominations run from September to January 31 every year.
• Experts are consulted in March, April and May.
• A report with suggestions is prepared in June and July.
• In September, the Nobel Academy receives the report of the names of the final candidates.
• The Nobel Prize is announced after voting in October.
• The Nobel Prize is awarded on 10 December, the death anniversary of Alfred Nobel.

Do you know that 1 tola gold in Pakistan has now crossed ₹4 lakh? Yes, in Karachi’s Gold Market on 7 October 2025, 24 Carat Gold was being sold for up to ₹4,16,500 per tola! The biggest reason for this is the historic fall of Pakistani rupee, record breaking inflation and rising value of dollar. Due to these factors, gold import has become very expensive and it has become difficult for common people to make jewelery for weddings. Not only in Pakistan, gold is becoming increasingly expensive all over the world. Comex Gold in the US has crossed $4000/ounce, and MCX Gold in India is at an all-time high of ₹1,20,900/10 grams. Possible shutdown of America and rate cut signals of Federal Reserve have also added fire to it. China and the central banks of the world are also buying gold by the ton. The situation is currently under control in India, but in the coming months the prices may go up to ₹ 1.3 lakh. If you are investing, it would be better to buy gradually like SIP.

An intense power struggle has intensified within the Tata Trusts — that too at a time when the Tata group itself is at a turning point. Tata Trusts holds about 66% stake in Tata Sons, so every decision of the Trusts can decide the direction of the group. The controversy began when Vinay, in a trustee meeting held on September 11, raised the issue of board concession – i.e. reappointment – ​​of former Defense Secretary Vijay Singh, who was sitting on the ticket. Noel Tata and Venu Srinivasan moved it, but four other trustees — Mehli Mistry, Pramit Jhaveri, Jehangir HC Jehangir, Darius Khambata — opposed it. The result was that the proposal was rejected. Subsequently, the same group demanded the inclusion of Mehli Mistry on the board. But Noel Tata and his supporters rejected this proposal also. The situation became more complicated when, on October 7, Noel Tata and Tata Sons Chairman N. Chandrasekaran met Home Minister Amit Shah and Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman. The main topics in this meeting were: Board nominations, transparency and balance of power within Trusts. The central government clearly indicated that it considered the dispute “resolvable” and wanted steps towards restoring stability. The next meeting, scheduled for October 10, is being held with great importance — it will decide who will gain control, whose image will prevail, and how the political and corporate reputation of Tata Trusts will be maintained. This struggle is not just a battle for one company, but for the soul of the Tata heirs of 156 years and India’s most prestigious corporate entity.

Army has been deployed in Bangladesh to protect Hilsa fish from illegal fishing. According to news agency AFP, 17 warships, drones and patrol helicopters were deployed for this. This means that the fish are being protected more than any VVIP person.

So let us understand in ABP Explainer, what is Hilsa fish, why is it the responsibility of the army to protect it and for what reasons the Yunus government does not want to lose them…

Question 1- What is Hilsa fish and where is it found?
answer- Hilsa fish is also called Ilish fish. It is a shiny silver looking sea fish, whose length can usually be up to 50 centimeters and weight can be more than 3 kilograms. This fish is found in the sea, estuaries (where the river meets the sea) and rivers. It has a lot of small thorns, which make it a little difficult to eat but delicious. Hilsa is also called the ‘queen of fishes’ in Bengal, because its taste is salty-sweet and creamy.

It is found in many countries including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Malaysia and Thailand. Hilsa is the national fish of Bangladesh and has been given the status of ‘mother’ there. Hilsa return from the sea (warm water) to the rivers (cold water) every year during breeding season to spawn.

Its price in Dhaka, Bangladesh is 2,800 to 3,000 taka i.e. 2,050 to 2,200 rupees per kilogram.

Question 2- What arrangements did the Government of Bangladesh make for its protection?
answer- Yunus government of Bangladesh made 4 major arrangements for the protection of Hilsa…

1. 22-day fishing ban: The Yunus government imposed a complete ban on catching, carrying, storing, selling and marketing of Hilsa across the country from October 4 to October 25.
2. Navy and Air Force deployment: To prevent illegal fishing, warships, patrol helicopters, patrolling vehicles and drones were deployed on 24-hour surveillance. 17 warships are deployed in the Bay of Bengal and the places where the river meets the sea.
3. Compensation to fishermen: During the ban, every fisherman family is being given 25 kg of rice free of cost, so that they can survive. However, the fishermen families are not happy with this. “The three weeks are very difficult for the fishermen because we have no other means of survival,” 60-year-old fisherman Sattar Majhi told AFP.
4. Hilsa Conservation Campaign 2025: This campaign is based on the successful efforts of 2024, in which fertility timing is decided keeping in mind the phases of the moon.

Year 3- Why does the Bangladesh government want to save it, for which it deployed the army?
answer- Bangladesh government wants to save this fish for 3 big reasons…

1. National Fish and Cultural Importance: Hilsa is the national fish of Bangladesh, which is a symbol of the country’s identity and cultural heritage. Its preservation is linked to national pride.
2. economic value: According to ORF’s research report, Bangladesh is the world’s largest Hilsa fish producing country. It ranks third in terms of fish production worldwide. Hilsa fish is its major export product, meeting about 75% of the global supply. Fisheries contribute about 3-4% to the GDP of Bangladesh. Hilsa’s share in the total fish production of Bangladesh is 12 percent. Here, 5.50 lakh to 6 lakh tonnes of fish is caught every year, providing livelihood to 5 lakh fishermen and 20 lakh people in related industries. Bangladesh exported 71,477 tonnes of fish and fish products (such as shrimp, hilsa, other marine fish) in the financial year 2023-2024 (FY24). Earned about 4,376 crore taka from this.
3. Fertility Conservation: The breeding season of Hilsa fish is during the south-west monsoon i.e. July to October and sometimes in January-March. A female lays thousands of eggs. The small fishes hatched from the eggs return to the sea. It rises in rivers like Ganga for 50-100 kilometers or sometimes up to 1200 kilometers. Indian fishermen catch fish in the brackish waters of the Ganga River and its delta, which meet the needs of Kolkata and West Bengal. But excessive fishing can reduce the fish stock at the time of Hilsa breeding. In such a situation, fishing is banned during breeding season.

Question 4- Does Bangladesh government supply Hilsa fish to India?
answer- Yes. Bangladesh created ‘Hilsa Diplomacy’, an informal diplomatic strategy between the two countries, to supply Hilsa fish to India. In this, Bangladesh exports its national fish Hilsa to India, so that bilateral relations are strengthened. It is mainly done during Bengali festivals like Durga Puja, when the demand for Hilsa is at its peak in West Bengal. Because of this, this export acts as a cultural, economic and diplomatic bridge.

This tradition was started by then Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina in 1996, before the Ganga water-sharing treaty, when she sent Hilsa fish as a gift to former West Bengal CM Jyoti Basu. In 2012, Sheikh Hasina formalized ‘Hilsa Diplomacy’. According to ORF, Bangladesh exported 500 tonnes of Hilsa to India in 2019, 1,200 tonnes in 2020-2022 and 5,000 tonnes in 2023. The Yunus government imposed a ban after the coup in Bangladesh in 2024. But now approval has been given to export 1,200 tonnes of Hilsa fish in 2025.

From India’s first woman Prime Minister Indira Gandhi to Prime Minister Narendra Modi, all the big leaders contested elections from two seats simultaneously. There are many reasons for this, including the fear of losing the elections and the dominance of the party. Not only this, there is also a law regarding this in the Constitution. Now the news of Tejashwi Yadav contesting on two seats in Bihar Assembly elections is also strong.

So let us understand in ABP Explainer why big leaders contest elections together on two seats, what is the strategy of elections on two seats and what are its advantages and disadvantages…

Question 1- What is the law for contesting elections on multiple seats simultaneously in India?
answer- Under Section 33(7) of the Representation of the People Act 1951, a candidate can contest from two seats simultaneously in a Lok Sabha or Assembly election. If he wins both the seats, he has to vacate one seat in 14 days. If any candidate does not do this then both the seats are considered vacant under Section 70. In by-elections the party has to field candidates again, which is sometimes risky.

Election Commission of India i.e. ECI told the Supreme Court in 2018 that this rule should be changed to limit it to one seat, so that wastage of resources and voter disappointment is reduced.

Question 2- When did the practice of contesting elections from two seats simultaneously start and which leaders have done this?
answer- This practice started with the first Lok Sabha elections of India in 1951-52. Jawaharlal Nehru presented the first example of this.

• In 1952, Vishnu Ghanshyam Deshpande had won by contesting elections simultaneously from Guna and Gwalior in Central India. He was the General Secretary of All India Hindu Mahasabha. Deshpande was the first leader who won by contesting elections on two seats simultaneously. He kept Guna seat with himself and left Gwalior seat.
• In 1971, Indira Gandhi also contested elections from two seats simultaneously – Rae Bareli (Uttar Pradesh) and Medak (Andhra Pradesh) and won both the seats. Indira Gandhi kept Medak for herself and by-election was held in Rae Bareli, in which Arun Nehru won.
• In 1996, Atal Bihari Vajpayee also contested elections from two seats. He won from both Gwalior and Bhopal seats of Madhya Pradesh. He left Bhopal seat by keeping Gwalior. By-elections were held in Bhopal, in which BJP lost.
• In 2004, Sonia Gandhi contested the Lok Sabha elections from Amethi (Uttar Pradesh) and Bellary (Karnataka) and won both the seats. She retained Amethi and by-elections were held in Bellary, in which Congress lost.
• In 2014, Narendra Modi also gambled on two seats. He won the seats of Vadodara in Gujarat and Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh. PM Modi kept the Varanasi seat and by-elections were held in Vadodara, in which BJP’s Ranjanben Dhananjay won.

• In the 2019 Lok Sabha elections, Rahul Gandhi also contested from two seats – Amethi (Uttar Pradesh) and Wayanad (Kerala). He won from Wayanad and lost from Amethi.
• Akhilesh Yadav also contested from two seats (Kannauj and Mainpuri) in the 2022 Uttar Pradesh Assembly elections. They won both the seats. He kept Mainpuri seat and left Kannauj seat. A by-election was held on this, where wife Dimple Yadav won.

Now Tejashwi Yadav can also contest from two seats in Bihar Assembly elections. One could be Raghopur and the other Phulparas.

Question 3- Why do big leaders contest elections on more than one seat in Indian politics?
answer- According to senior journalist and political expert Harshvardhan Tripathi, there are two big reasons for this…

1. Strengthening your and your party’s image: By contesting elections on two seats, leaders strengthen their own and the party’s image. This increases their popularity and influence of the party, strengthens the vote bank and regional base. Like in 2014, PM Modi gave a boost to BJP in Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh by fighting from Vadodara and Varanasi.
2. Fear of losing elections: Leaders fear that if they lose on one seat, they can secure a place in Parliament or Assembly by winning from another seat. This way they are not thrown out of the House. For a politician, it is a real fight to remain in the House. Like in 2019, Rahul Gandhi lost Amethi, but won from Wayanad.

Question 4- What are the benefits of contesting elections on more than one seat?
answer- According to Harshvardhan Tripathi, it has 3 major benefits…

• Worker Mobilization: If a big leader contests elections on more than one seat, then the workers of that area get mobilized, that is, their enthusiasm increases and they become fully active in the elections. This also improves the image of the leader, because he reaches that area with his entire army.
• Improving electoral environment: Contesting elections on two seats improves the electoral environment, that is, the environment becomes in favor of that leader. This also shows the strength of the leader that he campaigns on two seats simultaneously and tries his best to win. This creates its positive effect.
• Advantages of political party: This also benefits the party, because his name and popularity attracts votes in many areas, which gives support to other candidates of the party. With a big leader contesting elections, the party’s publicity increases in that area and the electoral environment becomes favorable for it. For example, in 2004, Sonia Gandhi helped Congress increase its campaign in Karnataka by contesting elections from Bellary.

Question 5- Are there any disadvantages of contesting elections on more than one seat?
answer- According to political expert Rashid Kidwai, there are 3 major disadvantages of this practice…

• By-election expenses: By-election is held when one seat is left, the expenditure of which runs into crores. According to ECI, more than Rs 50 crore was spent on such by-elections from 2004 to 2018.
• Broken trust of voters: When a leader leaves a seat, the voters of that area are disappointed. Like in 2004, Bellary voters made Sonia Gandhi victorious, but BJP won the by-election after she left the seat.
• Weapon of opposition: Opposition parties promote it by calling it ‘greed’ or ‘cheating’. Like in 2019, BJP had raised questions on Rahul Gandhi’s Wayanad-Amethi. BJP had said about Rahul Gandhi that he is betraying the public by contesting elections from two seats.

Question 6- Will this practice end in the coming time?
answer- Rashid Kidwai says, ‘The law of contesting elections from two seats simultaneously is in the Constitution, due to which the Constitution will have to be amended to change it. This will happen after the consensus of the parties and everyone’s consent. There is no problem or flaw in contesting elections from two seats simultaneously. This system is not going to harm anyone. However, the money spent in this is definitely a problem. But black money is useful for the parties.

At the same time, Harshvardhan Tripathi believes, ‘This practice should end. This practice is a waste of time and money. If a leader wins both the seats and leaves one seat, then it becomes the responsibility of the Election Commission to conduct elections on it. This upsets the public and also breaks their trust.

In India, 18 thousand deaths occurred in 2022 on walking in the wrong direction on the road. Even if you follow the traffic rules, it can still be wrong. Because we have been taught to walk to left from childhood. But now this rule can change. The Supreme Court, while hearing a petition, sought a response from the government whether the place can be left on the right side in India or not.

So let’s understand in ABP Expluser what is the matter of right-left walking in the Supreme Court, are the rules going to change in India and in which direction people in countries around the world go …

Question 1- What is the case of left or right hand running in the Supreme Court?
answer- In 2019, a petition was filed by Jabalpur social activist Gyan Prakash. It was about safety and production of passengers on national highways. The petition demanded the practice of running the left side on the road as wrong and implementing the rule of changing it and running the right side like abroad. The petition stated …

• Pedestrians in India traditionally run on the left side, which is unsafe in the Left Hand Traffic ie LHT system. This increases the risk of collision from vehicles coming from behind.
• Gyan Prakash, citing his book ‘Traffic Education’, said that pedestrians should run the right side, as is done abroad.
  In 2022, out of 50 thousand road accidents, 18 thousand i.e. 36% of deaths occurred.
• Based on the 2017 Road Accidents in India report, walking on the left side does not see the vehicle coming from behind, due to which more than 30% of pedestrian accidents occur. Walking on the right side can see the passenger traffic and avoid danger.
• The petition demanded that the Motor Vehicle Act 1988 should be amended and make rights mandatory for pedestrians. Also run awareness campaigns in schools and public places.

Question 2- What did the Supreme Court say while hearing this petition?
answer- Supreme Court Judge Abhay S. The bench of Oka asked the Central Government and the National Highway Authority of India i.e. NHAI whether in India, like abroad, pedestrians can be made a rule to walk on the right of the road. The court directed both sides to give detailed answers with all the facts and data by 10 November.

The Supreme Court also reminded that it had instructed to remove traffic control and road encroachment on 21 May 2025, but it did not work. The court has asked whether a ‘ride walking system’ can be implemented in a densely populated country like India.

Question 3- So is it better and safe to walk right side?
answer- Yes. For pedestrians, walking by facing the right side of the road, is considered to be more secure in India’s left hand traffic …

• Trains run in India, ie on the left part of the road. Walking on the right side can see the trains coming to the pedestrian. This makes it easier to guess and rescue the danger. Walking on the left side does not show vehicles coming from behind, which increases the risk of collision.
• World Health Organization ie WHO and International Security Guidelines say that the pedestrians should always face traffic. In Australia, it is written on signboards, ‘Walk facing traffic i.e. traffic.’
• According to experts, India has only 30% pavement and about 95% people run on the left side. Time and education is needed to change it. For this, the right side in the traffic law will have to make it mandatory instead of suggestions. Right side walking is much better, but only when there is pavement, awareness and legal strictness. It will remain incomplete without infrastructure.

Question 4- Which countries around the world follow the right side and left side?
answer- There are two types of traffic systems in countries around the world. A left hand traffic means LHT and Right Hand Traffic i.e. RHT.

1. Left hand traffic

In this, vehicles walk on the left side of the road. The driver’s seat is mostly on the right side. This rule applies in many countries of the world.

• Asia: India, Japan, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives, Singapore, Hong Kong and Macau.
• Africa: South Africa, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Namibia, Botswana and Swaziland.
• Oshinia: Australia, New Zealand, Fiji Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands.
• Europe: United Kingdom, Ireland, Malta, Cyprus, Guernsey, Jersey, Isle of Man.
• Caribbean: Jamaica, Bahamas, Barbados, Antigua and Babuda, Dominica, Grenada, St. Lucia and St. Vincents.
• Other: Mauriti, Seychelles, Brunei and Timot-Last.

2. Right Hand Traffic
In this, the vehicles run on the right side of the road and the driver’s seat is on the left side. This rule is applicable in many countries of the world …

• North America: United States of America, Canada and Mexico.
• Europe: France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland, Austria, Russia, Poland and Portugal.
• Asia: China, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Turks, Vietnam, Philippines, Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia.
• South America: Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Peru, Columbia and Venezuela.
• Africa: Nigeria, Algeria, Morocco, Ethiopia, Ghana and Egypt.
• Other: Countries like Jordan and Iraq, Mongolia and Taiwan of Middle East.

On the night of 29 September, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu met US President Donald Trump at the White House. The two leaders held a press conference and announced to implement the seajafire in Gaza. That is, now there will be a ceasefire in Gaza. For this, Trump has prepared a plan of 20 points.

So let’s understand in ABP Expluser what is Trump’s new plan, how will it take over ceasefire and Gaza …

Question 1- What is Donald Trump’s new ceasefire plan in Gaza?
answer- Trump’s new plan includes stopping war, leaving all hostages and creating a temporary board to run administration in Gaza. In this…

1. The war in Gaza will end immediately when agreed between Israel and Hamas.
2. Israel will gradually remove its forces from Gaza.
3. Hamas will release all Israeli hostages in 72 hours, which will be both alive and dead.
4. At the end of the war, Israel will leave 250 people serving life imprisonment in Gaza and other 1700 prisoners.
5. Israel will return the bodies of 15 dead Palestinian prisoners instead of every dead Israeli prisoner.
6. All the hideouts and weapons of Hamas will be removed to make Gaza terror free.
7. Hamas and other fighters will not participate in the government of Gaza.
8. A temporary technical committee i.e. ‘Board of Peace’ will be formed for Gaza, which will have qualified people.
9. Trump himself will preside over this board. It will also include former British Prime Minister Tony Blair and other leaders of other countries.
10. This board will plan to develop and improve Gaza Gaza and bear the expenses.
11. Gaza will be given adequate help immediately.
12. Special business sectors will be built in Gaza, which will increase employment.
13. A Gaza resident will not be forced to leave Gaza.
14. An international security force will maintain security in Gaza.
15. Security forces will train Gaza police and help.
16. Security on the borders of Israel and Egypt will be strong.
17. Aeries and firing will be stopped by the end of the war.
18. International organizations will monitor help and security in Gaza.
19. Negotiations for peace between Israel and Palestine will begin.
20. The purpose of this scheme is to bring permanent peace, development and better life in Gaza.

Question 2- When will this plan be implemented and then who will be occupied?
answer- After the agreement of Israel and Hamas, this plan will be implemented immediately. But at the moment there is no fixed date. It will depend on the agreement when the war will stop. As soon as the war stops, the Israel Defense Forces i.e. IDF will back down on a fixed line and military operations will be suspended.

A non-political Palestinian Committee of Trump’s plan will temporarily rule Gaza. It will be maintained by the ‘Board of Peace’, which will be led by Trump himself. It has been clearly stated in this scheme that there will be no land in any form of Hamas in the government, ‘neither direct nor indirectly.’

It has also been said in this plan that Israel will neither take Gaza nor mix it in its country. The Israeli army step by step will retreat. In this scheme, the door has also been left open for the possibility of a Palestinian nation.

Question 3- What did Islamic countries and India say on Trump’s proposal?
answer- This peace proposal was welcomed by Foreign Ministers of Qatar, Jordan, UAE, Indonesia, Pakistan, Türkiye, Saudi Arabia and Egypt. He appreciated Trump’s leadership ability and his efforts to end the Gaza war.

Trump told in the press conference that during the formation of this plan, PM Shahbaz Sharif and Army Chief Asim Munir were in touch with him.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi also welcomed Trump’s ceasefire plan. Posting on the social media platform X, Modi wrote, ‘This plan will open the way of peace, security and development for the Palestinian and Israeli people as well as the entire West Asian areas.’

Question 4- Will Trump’s new plan be successful or not?
answer- Foreign Affairs expert and retired professor of JNU A.K. Of. Pasha says, ‘This time there is no destruction of Gaza in Trump’s plan, but a plan to settle Gaza. In this, many countries will come together and be part of the board. But it will not include any Hamas leader nor will there be United Nations in it, which can reduce the trust of Palestinians on this board.

A. Of. Pasha further says, ‘Trump’s plan is hurt that Netanyahu never sticks to his point. They break ceasefire anytime and start attacks. Capturing Gaza is part of Netanyahu’s Greater Israel. Netanyahu’s minister says the attack, so he also attacked. Therefore, Trump may weaken. However, Trump’s plan may be successful because now there is a lot of devastation in Gaza.

Question 5- What is the current situation in Gaza, what is happening there?
answer- Before the war between Israel and Hamas started, 21 lakh Palestinians lived in Gaza. About 80% of these people have been displaced.
According to the British Red Cross, more than 61 thousand people have been killed in Gaza since the war started in Israel and Hamas in October 2023 and at least 1 lakh 51 thousand people have been injured.

More than 4.7 lakh people are facing starvation in Gaza, which is 22% of the total population. According to the United Nations, so far 1300 people have been killed during the search for food or other reasons.

Almost all kinds of infrastructure in Gaza city and other population areas is over. Most of the hospitals were destroyed.

At the same time, the organization of Hamas, who is in power in Gaza, has become very weak. In the Israeli attack, about 10 top Hamas Ladars like Ismail Haniah, Yahya Sinwar, Mohammad Diaf have been killed one after the other. Israel has killed about 20 thousand fighters of Hamas.

Every match of India vs Pakistan brings high voltage drama, but this time the atmosphere is also hot outside the field. After the terrorist attack in Pahalgam, protests are going on across the country. Despite this, BCCI and Broadcast companies are not canceling it. Reason? Earning more than 100 crores from just one match! Sony Sports has fixed the price of ₹ 14-16 lakh for the 10 second ed slot of this match. Earnings of about ₹ 40-50 crores from TV AIDS are estimated. At the same time, Dubai’s hotel industry, ticket agencies and tourism sectors are also making huge profits from this match. From Asia Cup 2025, BCCI is going to get a share of ₹ 120 crore and PCB ₹ 116 crore. India-Pakistan teams are the real brand values ​​of this tournament. In such a situation, the decision to cancel the match is not only “emotional”, but also “financial”. History is witness-whenever the plays and politics collide, there is definitely tension on the field!