China has made public a video related to its Air Force, which has caught the attention of defense experts around the world. In this video, Chinese fighter jet J-16 is shown performing simulation maneuvers against France’s state-of-the-art Rafale fighter aircraft. Surprisingly, this exercise was broadcasted on China’s government television channel CCTV itself.

Generally, China keeps its military exercises and war strategies very secret. Such footage is rarely made public and whenever it does surface, it is often through leaks. China’s own showing of this simulation on its government channel indicates that China wants to present it as a strategic message.

Where and for what purpose was this exercise done?

According to CCTV report, this simulation exercise was conducted in Shuchang area of ​​Henan province. It has been described as part of the comprehensive combat training program of the PLA Air Force. In this exercise, 8 Chinese J-16 fighter planes were tested against 6 Rafale fighter jets.

Why did its importance increase after India-Pakistan tension?

During the increased military tension between India and Pakistan in May 2025, there was a lot of discussion about Rafale and fighter planes of Chinese origin. The coming of this simulation after the use of J-10C by Pakistan and the claims of China raises many questions. Defense experts believe that China wants to strengthen its hold in the global arms market by showing the capability of its fighter jets.

what was shown in the video

In the footage shown on TV, senior Chinese Air Force officers are seen standing in front of a board. It is clearly written on the board that in the exercise, J-16 aircraft are being tested against a modern threat like Rafale. Officials also indicated that other potential threats were also included in the simulation, although details were not shared.

Why does China consider J-16 as its strength?

J-16 is China’s heavy, twin-engine 4.5 generation fighter aircraft. It is considered capable of flying long distances, carrying more weapons and carrying out multiple missions simultaneously. China has been presenting it as the backbone of its air defense and strike missions.

Why is competition with Rafale a big deal?

Rafale is counted among the world’s most modern multirole fighter jets. It is characterized by fast response, advanced radar systems and powerful electronic warfare capabilities. This is the reason why many countries including India have made it an important part of their Air Force. Rafale’s partial stealth capability and multi-role operations make it extremely dangerous.

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Often when the Indian rupee is discussed, it is compared with the US dollar, where the rupee looks weak. However, in some countries of the world the Indian Rupee is so strong that your small amount turns into lakhs as soon as you reach there. Today in currency comparison we are talking about Vietnam. Vietnam, located in South-East Asia, is known worldwide for its natural beauty. For Indians, this country is considered a paradise for middle class Indians.

According to the current exchange rate, the Indian Rupee is much stronger against the Vietnamese currency. According to the report of Vice.com, 1 Indian Rupee is equal to about 293 Vietnamese Dong there. This means that if you go to Vietnam with Rs 1 lakh from India, then this amount gets converted into approximately 29 lakh 41 thousand dong. The numbers may sound shocking, but this is the reason why Indians find things there to be extremely cheap.

Important things related to Vietnam’s currency

The official currency of Vietnam is the Vietnamese Dong, abbreviated as VND. This currency is issued by the State Bank of Vietnam. It is the only legal payment medium in the country. Although US dollars are sometimes accepted in many places and hotels, the Dong is the most popular currency in the local market. Let us tell you that Dong has been the official currency of Vietnam since 1978 and it had replaced the French Indochinese Piastre.

Do you really feel like a millionaire there?

It is important to understand that merely having more currency does not make one rich. The prices there are also decided according to the local economy, but it is certain that due to the strength of the Indian rupee, traveling, living and shopping in Vietnam becomes very comfortable and economical for Indians.

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The whole world is shocked by the report that has come out regarding India’s GDP growth rate. India’s GDP growth rate in the third quarter from July to September was 8.2 percent. However, the value of the Indian rupee has declined significantly against the dollar. The value of the rupee has crossed 90 against the dollar, but even today there are many countries in the world where the value of the Indian rupee is very high.

The value of Indian rupee is much higher than the currencies of Vietnam, Laos, Indonesia, Cambodia, Pakistan and Nepal. A large number of Indians visit Indonesia, Nepal and Vietnam. Let us know in which country the value of Indian Rupee is highest-

vietnam
Vietnam is a South East Asian country and its currency is Vietnamese Dong (VND). One Indian rupee is equal to 300 VND here. According to this, this country is quite economical for Indians and they can travel here very cheaply.

laos
Laos is also a Southeast Asian country, known for the Mekong River, mountainous regions, French colonial architecture and Buddhist monasteries. Here also the value of Indian rupee is quite high. Lao Kip (LAK) is the currency used in Laos and the value of one rupee is equal to 245-255 Lao Kip.

Indonesia
A large number of Indians visit the Asian country Indonesia and the currency here is Indian Rupiah (IDR). One Indian Rupee here is equal to 190 Indonesian Rupiah, hence the trip here is very cheap for Indians.

cambodia
Cambodia is at number four, whose currency is Cambodian Riel (KHR). One Indian Rupee is equal to 45-50 Cambodian Riel in Cambodia.

Pakistan
Pakistani currency is also very weak against the Indian rupee. One rupee of India is equal to 3.12 Pakistani rupees (PKR) in Pakistan.

Nepal
Neighboring country Nepal comes at sixth place in this, where the food, drinks and culture are very similar. The value of Indian Rupee is very high even compared to Nepali Rupees, the currency of Nepal. Here one Indian rupee is equal to 1.6 Nepali rupees.

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Often in the world, when the Indian rupee is compared with the dollar or euro, it appears weak. Despite this, there are many countries in the world where the local currency is much lower than the Indian rupee. Due to this, a better life and comfortable travel becomes possible even with less money taken from India. In these countries, factors like economic structure, political stability, population and inflation affect their currency, due to which the influence of the Indian rupee is more visible.

Vietnam’s currency Dong is considered very weak against the Indian Rupee. Here the value of 1 Indian rupee is equal to 297 rupees, due to which the local expenses reduce considerably. Everything like hotels, food, places to visit and local travel are available to Indian travelers at very affordable rates. For this reason, Vietnam is becoming a popular option for budget travel. According to this, if an Indian goes to Vietnam with Rs 1 lakh, his wealth after going there will be Rs 2 crore 97 lakh.

Better experience at lower cost in Indonesia

The value of the Indian rupee is clearly felt in Indonesia also. Here the value of 1 Indian rupee is equal to 188 rupees. Because of this, the daily expenses, tourist services and local facilities here are much lower cost than in India. Travelers get everything from hotels and food to tourist activities within the budget. The strengthening of the rupee increases the possibility of comfortable travel even with less money. According to this, if an Indian goes to Indonesia with Rs 1 lakh, his wealth after reaching there will be Rs 1 crore 88 lakh.

Laos: country with peaceful environment and low expenses

Laos is a place where the local currency is very low against the Indian Rupee. Here the price of 1 rupee is equal to 244 rupees. The cost of lifestyle here is very low. Indians can enjoy natural sites, local food, cultural places and hotel facilities even on a low budget. This country is known among travelers for its peaceful environment and simplicity. According to this, if an Indian goes to Laos with Rs 1 lakh, then after going there it will become Rs 2 crore 44 lakh.

Clear benefit of Cambodia Rupee’s strengthening

Cambodia is also among those countries where the value of Indian rupee is high. Here the price of 1 rupee is equal to 45 rupees. Here one can visit historical temples, sea tourism and local culture at low cost. Hotel and food costs reduce the budget of Indian travelers, making travel more comfortable. Despite world famous sites like Angkor Wat, living and visiting here is relatively cheap. According to this, if an Indian goes to Cambodia with Rs 1 lakh, then its cost there will become Rs 45 lakh.

Uzbekistan Better facilities at lower prices

Uzbekistan’s currency is weak against the Indian rupee. Here the price of 1 rupee is 134 rupees, so the travelers coming here get benefits in many areas. Due to historical sites, tourist services, hotels, food and low cost of local travel, this country is considered attractive for budget travel. The strengthening rupee also makes premium experiences easily available to travelers. According to this, if an Indian goes to Uzbekistan with Rs 1 lakh, his wealth after going there will be Rs 1 crore 34 lakh.

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From your watch to Agni-6 missile… 95% of the essential rare earth minerals (REE) used in it are produced only by China. That means, if China stops giving REE, then neither the clock will run, nor the electric vehicle will run, nor will there be electricity, nor will American F-35 fighter jets be made. China has the highest number of REE in the world and India is at third place. Experts predict that by 2035, REEs will become so important that without them it will be impossible for any country to become a super power.

So let us understand in ABP Explainer what are Rare Earth Minerals, how China captured the minerals of the whole world and why no country can become a super power without them…

Question 1- What and how are rare earth minerals?
answer- Rare Earth Minerals (REE) are 17 special metals, which look like ordinary soil, but they are the lifeblood of today’s high-tech world. These are called ‘rare’ because they are found everywhere on earth, but it is very difficult and expensive to extract them in pure form. Only 1-2 grams of pure REE comes out from one ton of soil. By 2030, the world needs 140 million EVs, for which 4.9 lakh tonnes of REE will be required every year. According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS) report, these metals are the backbone of all technologies including green energy, defense and AI.

1. Holmium: This is the most powerful magnetic element in the world. It is used in laser devices, nuclear reactors and high-tech magnets.
2. Erbium: It gives off a pink glow, which is used in internet networks, medical lasers and colored glasses.
3. Thulium: It is the rarest mineral after lutetium, which is used in X-ray machines, laser surgery and mobile laser devices.
4. Europium: It produces bright red and blue light. It is used in LED screens, TV displays and currency notes.
5. Ytterbium: It evaporates very quickly. It is used in steel, quantum computing research and medical imaging.
6. Samarium: Magnets made from it do not lose their strength at high temperatures, due to which it is used in making headphones and nuclear weapons.
7. Gadolinium: It absorbs magnetic neutrons, due to which it is used for MRI machines, nuclear reactors and radar systems.
8. Terbium: Produces green light in TV-phones. LED screens, lighting, sensors and high temperature magnets are made from it.
9. Dysprosium: Produces white-yellow light and does not lose power in high temperatures. It is used in making nuclear reactors, hard disk drives and generators.
10. Lutetium: It is the heaviest and strongest among the 17 rare minerals. It is used in petroleum refineries, memory devices and killing cancer cells.
11. Scandium: It is the most special and very light among the 17 rare minerals. It is used in making rocket-helicopter frames, baseball bats and LEDs.
12. Yttrium: It is the most abundant rare mineral on Earth, from which radar systems, superconductors and camera lenses are made.
13. Cerium: Helps in oxidation in chemical reactions. It is used in glass polishing and electronics.
14. Lanthanum: Hydrogen is good at absorption, which makes superconductors and nuclear reactors.
15. Promethium: It radiates, hence is useful as a source of energy, which is used in nuclear research and thermoelectric generators.
16. Niobium: It has high superconductivity, due to which it is used in superconductors, aerospace and jet engines.
17. Tantalum: It does not rust and is not affected by acid. It is used in electronic, medical and aerospace.

Question 2- Which country has the highest number of REE in the world?
answer- China has all the 17 REEs in the world, but most of them are light REE (Nd, Pr, Ce) and heavy REE (Dy, Tb). The world’s largest mine is also in China, which was discovered in 1927. It has more than 57 million tonnes of REE reserves. According to USGS, China controls 70% of the world’s REE reserves and 95% of production. after this-

• Brazil has 21 million tons of REE.
• India is in third place, with 6.9 million tonnes of REE.
• Australia has 5.7 million tonnes of REE.
• Russia has 3.8 million tons of REE and Vietnam has 3.5 tons of REE.
• The US has 1.9 million tonnes of REE and Greenland has 1.5 million tonnes of REE.

Question 3- How did China capture 70% of the world’s REE reserves and 95% production?
answer- This is not a coincidence, but it was China’s 40 year old plan…

• 1980: China subsidized REE, relaxed environmental regulations and gave export tax rebates. China deliberately dropped REE prices by 70% so that countries including the US, Australia and India would stop REE mining. All the countries thought that when they can be imported at cheaper prices, then why spend more money doing mining.
• 1986-1992: Made Baotou ‘Rare Earth Capital’.
• 1990: Declared REE as a ‘strategic resource’ and banned foreign investment.
• 1999: America’s Mountain Pass Mine closed. The same situation happened in Australia and India also.
• 2010: Due to dispute with Japan, exports were stopped for 2 months, due to which REE prices increased by 500%.
• 2023: Tech export banned on NdPr, DyTb.
• 2024: Banned 7 heavy REE (Samarium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Lutetium, Scandium and Yttrium). It was made mandatory for companies exporting these elements to obtain a special export license, due to which the supply of REE was disrupted across the world.
• 2025: 5 and REE (Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Europium and Yttrium) were banned. Due to this, 12 minerals came under the control of China. Before using them, it became necessary to obtain export license from China.

China forced the rest of the world out of the market by lowering prices and then made everyone bow down by banning essential minerals. Today, China produces 270,000 tons of REE in 2025.

Question 4- Why does a country need REE to become a super power?
answer- A country needs REE to become a superpower because in the next 25 years, all the power in the world will be powered by this. Apart from this, in 2035, super power will be identified with weapons. The country which makes the most dangerous weapon will be called a super power. All dangerous weapons cannot be made without REE. For example, 417 kg of neodymium is required to make F-35 fighter jet, if China stops it then America’s Air Force will be destroyed in 18 months. India’s Agni-6 missile requires 9 kg of samarium-cobalt magnets. If China does not give, the 8,000 km range missile will remain on paper. An American submarine requires 4,200 kg of REE, if China did not supply it, not a single new submarine would be built. That means the country which controls REE will be called a super power.

REE is used extensively in our everyday life also. Imagine that one morning you wake up, your watch will not ring due to lack of REE, because there is 0.3 gram neodymium magnet in that small vibration motor. Your electric scooter will not start, because its motor contains 3 kg REE magnet. Lights will not be on in your house and schools because the wind turbine will not run, which requires 4 tons of REE magnets. Internet will not work on your phone, because 6G tower requires Yttrium. Even AI will not be able to work without China, because one AI data center requires 20 tons of REE (cooling and magnetic storage).

Question 5- What will India have to do to become a superpower by 2047?
answer- For India to become a superpower by 2047, complete control over REE is necessary. Today we import 95% of REE from China, but we have the third largest reserve in the world. According to the USGS 2025 report, our production is only 2,900 tonnes every year, which is not even 1% of China’s 270,000 tonnes.

According to experts, if we want to become the world leader in EV, defense and green energy by 2047, then in the next 22 years we will have to create the entire supply chain like China ourselves.

• The short-term target for 2030 is to increase production 10 times.
• IREL’s Odisha plant will have to be doubled to increase NdPr production to 450 tonnes by 2026 and 900 tonnes by 2030.
• GSI will have to explore 1,200 blocks by 2030-31. 195 are already running.
• The capacity of REPM plant in Visakhapatnam will be 3,000 kg per annum.

India is preparing to deliver the third and last consignment of BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles to the Philippines soon. The Philippines is the first country in the world to bought BrahMos supersonic cruise missile from India to protect its country.

The Philippines signed a $ 375 million agreement with India in 2022 for purchasing the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile. Under this agreement, the Philippines has already been given a delivery of two consignments of cruise missiles from India.

When did the Philippines get the delivery of missiles,

India gave the Philippines a delivery of the first batch of BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles in 2024 last year. After this, its second batch has been submitted in early 2025 this year and now India is preparing to deliver the third and last batch of missiles to the Philippines under the agreement, after which the $ 375 million agreement between the two countries will be completed.

What did CEO say about delivery of BrahMos missile,

Jayatirtha Joshi, CEO and managing director of BrahMos Aerospace Joint Venture said, “The rocket is fully ready, we will deliver it on time.” However, he did not announce any exact date for this.

How deadly BrahMos missile gets to Philippines,

The $ 375 million dollar agreement between India and the Philimpace includes three missile batteries, which have a firepower of 290 km. Apart from this, when it comes to the speed of this supersonic cruise missile, it can target the enemy with the speed of 2.8 Mac.

Apart from the Philippines, many other countries of the world showed interest in BrahMos missile

The first batch missiles handed over by India last year have already been included in the Philippines Marine Corps. The Philippines is the first country to buy this missile. At the same time, apart from the Philippines, Vietnam and Indonesia are also interacting with India to buy BrahMos missiles. In addition, Armenia, Thailand, Singapore, Brunei, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Qatar, Oman, Brazil, Chile, Argentina and Venezuela have also shown their interest in this missile.

Talks between Vietnam and India about the BrahMos missile in the last phase

According to the report of India Today, the negotiation of the missile deal with Vietnam is in the last phase and will soon be finalized. At the same time, the Philippines has also shown interest in buying more batteries under the Horizon 3 Military Modernization Program for its land-based coastal defense besides BrahMos missile from India.

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US President Donald Trump has tried to talk to Prime Minister Narendra Modi on the phone several times in the last few days. President Trump has tried to talk to PM Modi at a time when the relationship between the two countries remains stressed on the tariff issue.

The German newspaper Frankfurter Algemin (FAZ) revealed in his report, saying that Trump defeated all his opponents on the tariff issue, but could not beat India. After this report came to light, the expert says that this is a sign of India’s tough stance.

What did Vienna’s strategist tell
Reacting to the claim of the German newspaper, Jiopolitical strategist Velina Chakarova, a resident of Vienna, said that India tried to give a very clear message by doing so. He posted on X and wrote that the German FAZ says that Trump tried to talk to PM Modi on a call 4 times and all the calls were rejected. However, India has denied such contacts. It is clear that PM Modi has turned to Dragon Beer (China and Russia) to avoid Trump’s trap.

According to the German Faz, Trump has tared to Reach Modi Four Times in Recent Weeks – All Calls Were Refused.
INDIA’s Official Line Continues to Deny Such Contacts.
Modi turns to the dragonbear avoiding trump’s trap.

One World, Two Systems – Delhi Chooses Hedging.

– velina tchakarova (@vtchakarova) August 26, 2025

German newspaper’s big claim
According to a German newspaper report, PM Modi refused to talk to Donald Trump. Also refused to allow American delegation to come to India. The newspaper has written that PM Modi has felt very worse than Trump’s behavior. This is the reason that he took a tough stand and made it clear that he is not ready to bow before America.

Trump spoke to the Vietnamese leader on tariff
It has been told in the report that Trump spoke on the phone with the Supreme Leader of Vietnam on the phone. Despite not being compromised, Trump announced the deal on social media. To avoid any such controversy, PM Modi has taken the path of avoiding talking.

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Trump Tariff: If there is no trade deal between India and America at a low tariff rate, then India will lose a 5 billion US dollar exports ahead of Vietnam. This has been revealed in a report by Moneycontrol. In 2023, India sent US $ 76 billion goods to the US, while Vietnam exported only US $ 5.4 billion. It is clear from this that there is no direct match between the two countries.

India and Vietnam business in America

Both India and Vietnam send 161 types of similar products to America. Their price is more than US $ 5 million. However, India’s export is more than Vietnam. The business of these products sent to America is US $ 22 billion. Vietnam’s stake in this is $ 5.4 billion $ 5.4 billion, that is, Vietnam can only challenge India up to US $ 5.4 billion in business.

Danger hovering on the shrimp

Both countries sell goods at a large amount of goods to America at a similar price. In such a situation, the potential loss to India is $ 353 million. The biggest risk is hovering over the shrimp. In 2023, India sold about US $ 1.81 billion shrimp to the US. At the same time, Vietnam sold shrimp worth US $ 290 million.

Meanwhile, if the US gives a better tariff rate to Vietnam than India, India’s shrimp exports may decrease rapidly to US $ 224 million. That is, India may lose $ 1.6 billion in this category alone.

Many more products can show its effect such as linen products used in kitchen and bathroom. Jewelery category can cause losses up to US $ 231 million. In all these categories, Vietnam and India give a similar service to America.

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