Amidst the increasing conflict between America and Iran, differences regarding strategy have started coming to the fore within Iran too. The biggest dispute is regarding the Strait of Hormuz, one of the most important sea routes in the world. On the one hand, Iran’s powerful military organization Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) is adopting a tough stance against America and is advocating maintaining its control over the Strait of Hormuz, while on the other hand, the government of President Masoud Pezeshkian seems to be in favor of reducing tensions through diplomatic means and finding a solution through dialogue.

Two different strategies within Iran
Kenneth Katzman, senior analyst at Soufan Center, says that in the current situation, two different philosophies are at work within Iran’s ruling system. According to him, the top commanders and fundamentalist faction of IRGC believe that maintaining control over the Strait of Hormuz is Iran’s biggest strategic strength and through this, pressure can be put on America.

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IRGC’s goal- to give a strong reply to America
According to the analyst, the IRGC’s objective is not only to maintain its hold on the Strait of Hormuz. The fundamentalist faction also wants to avenge the death of slain supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. He believes that America should be given such a response that it would think twice before taking any kind of military action against Iran in the future.

Pezeshkian government wants solution through dialogue
On the other hand, civilian leaders like President Massoud Pezeshkian and Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bakar Ghalibaf are considering dialogue as a better option than pursuing military confrontation. Analysts say that the elected government wants talks between America and Iran to start once again under the mediation of Oman, so that a peaceful solution to the dispute related to the Strait of Hormuz can be found.

Oman can play the role of mediator
According to analysts, the civilian government of Tehran hopes that Oman can play an important role in restoring dialogue between the two countries. The government is trying to find a way through talks that can reduce regional tension and reach a consensus regarding the Strait of Hormuz.

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America also reiterated its stance
Meanwhile, America has also made it clear that keeping the Strait of Hormuz open is among its national and strategic priorities. Washington says that this sea route is very important for about 20 percent of the world’s oil trade and if any attempt is made to close it or disrupt navigation, a strong response will be given.

The world’s eyes are also on global trade
The Strait of Hormuz is considered one of the most important sea lines of global energy supply. In such a situation, the emerging differences regarding strategy within Iran and increasing tension with America are not limited only to the two countries, but it can also affect the oil market, maritime trade and regional security of the entire world.

US Iran Deal: In January 2020, Donald Trump had said something, which is in discussion again today. Trump had said that Iran might not win any war, but it would not be easy to defeat it in negotiations. After six years, the new agreement between America and Iran has again brought this statement into the headlines.

In fact, in the fierce war that lasted for months, America and Israel carried out thousands of air strikes on Iran, destroyed its military bases and killed many big leaders. At first glance it seemed that Iran had become completely weak. But after this, Iran made such a move that oil prices started skyrocketing, pressure on the world economy increased and ultimately America had to return to the negotiating table. Now the question is arising whether Iran won the talks despite suffering losses on the battlefield?

War started due to America-Israel attack

On February 28, America and Israel carried out about 900 coordinated air strikes on Iran. Many senior military commanders including the then supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei were killed in these attacks. After the initial shock, the Iranian leadership regrouped itself and elected Khamenei’s son Mojtaba Khamenei as the new supreme leader.

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How did Iran create pressure?

It was difficult to compete with the military power of America and Israel, so Iran adopted a different strategy. Along with Israel, it carried out drone attacks on countries like UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Qatar. Its purpose was to increase regional and economic pressure. In March, Iran closed the Strait of Hormuz, affecting about a fifth of global energy supplies. Brent crude, which was at $73 per barrel before the war, reached above $126 per barrel in April. The rise in prices of fuel and essential commodities affected consumers around the world.

America claims, but questions remain

America says that it conducted more than 13 thousand air strikes, targeted more than 50 Iranian military bases and destroyed more than 300 ballistic missile launchers. Apart from this, 155 Iranian naval ships and patrol boats were also sunk. However, many experts believe that the survival of the Iranian regime and its retaliatory capabilities show that the US and Israel did not achieve a decisive military victory.

Pressure for compromise increases on Trump

As the war dragged on, dissatisfaction with it began to increase within America and its allies. The pressure to open the Strait of Hormuz also increased. In such a situation, the Trump administration started looking for a way to reach an agreement with Tehran. Ultimately a memorandum of understanding was signed between the two countries in Versailles, France.

Who wins in the agreement?

Trump’s main goal was to stop Iran’s nuclear program, but the final framework is yet to be decided after 60 days. On the other hand, Iran has received big benefits like relief in sanctions, $300 billion fund for reconstruction and ceasefire in Lebanon. According to analysts, the biggest strategic victory is regarding the Strait of Hormuz. According to the agreement, Iran will allow ships to pass without duty for 60 days, but the possibility of imposing duty after this could become a big source of revenue for it in the future.

Iran’s Consul General in Mumbai, Saeed Reza Mosyeb Motlagh has reacted to the peace agreement between America and Iran. He said that Iran has always been a supporter of dialogue and diplomatic solutions and if the current disputes are resolved through dialogue, it will be a positive step for both the countries.

He said that the Islamic Republic of Iran has always welcomed talks and dialogue. In such a situation, if the problems are solved through dialogue and the challenges are reduced, then Iran will welcome it.

America under siege over nuclear club membership
Saeed Reza Mosayeb Motlagh said that Iran has been recognized as one of the member countries of the global nuclear club in the past, but the US has repeatedly created obstacles to this recognition for various reasons.

He alleged that America kept stopping this process from moving forward by raising new issues every time. However, he said that if the status of this membership becomes more clear now, it will be a positive development for Iran.

Serious allegations against Israel
Regarding Israel, the Iranian Consul General said that Israel opposes any kind of negotiation and agreement. He alleged that Israel adopts a policy of violence, war and creating crisis to achieve its objectives.

He said that the world has seen this behavior openly in the last two and a half years, but it is nothing new. According to him, massacres like Sabra and Shatila have been examples of this in history also.

Motlagh said that even at present Israel is trying to weaken the dialogue process and turn it towards war.

America was also held responsible
The Iranian diplomat said that America and Israel have very close relations. In such a situation, the responsibility for Israel’s actions and its consequences also falls on America.

He said that America has accepted this responsibility under its various international obligations and commitments, hence it should also face its consequences.

‘Israel wants to derail the talks at every opportunity’
In response to another question, Saeed Raza Mosayeb Motlagh said that Israel’s policy has always been to promote war and violence. He said that Israel’s violent activities have never stopped. In the last two years, these activities were visible openly, while at times they were also carried out behind the scenes. According to him, Israel uses every opportunity to disrupt the dialogue process and make it fail.

Doubt expressed on America’s intentions
The Iranian Consul General said that Iran understands well the close relations between America and Israel. Despite this, America has made some commitments and it should stick to them. However, he said that given historical experiences, especially the two recent wars, Iran cannot completely trust America’s intentions.

‘Iran negotiated in good faith’
Motlagh said that despite all the doubts, Iran has participated in the negotiation process with full goodwill. He said that Iran started negotiations honestly and has reached initial results in the same spirit. Now it is expected that the same goodwill will continue in the future and within the stipulated time frame the talks will be successful and turn into a comprehensive and final agreement.

Iran’s response has come regarding the 9-point framework proposed by the Donald Trump administration to end the war in West Asia. Tehran has sent a new 14-point peace proposal to America through Pakistan.

According to Iranian media reports, Tehran has demanded that the US end the war on all fronts including Lebanon, lift the naval blockade, withdraw its forces and establish a new governance system for the Strait of Hormuz. The 14-point plan also includes lifting of sanctions on Iran, release of Iran’s seized assets and demand for compensation, among other demands.

Statement by Iran’s Deputy Foreign Minister Kazem Garibabadi

Iran rejected Washington’s plan for a two-month ceasefire and supported a 30-day deadline to resolve all issues. Meanwhile, Iran’s Deputy Foreign Minister Kazem Gharibabadi said that America has to reach a compromise through talks or return to open war. It depends on America and Tehran is ready for both.

According to Iran’s state media IRIB, Gharibabadi told diplomats in Tehran, “Now America has to choose the path of diplomacy or adopt a confrontational approach.” He said, “Iran is ready for both paths to ensure its national interests and security.”

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America’s reaction to Iran’s plan

Donald Trump said he was considering Iran’s latest 14-point proposal and also hinted at the possibility of new US attacks. He said, “Our position with respect to Iran is quite good. They want to make a deal. They are having difficulty in deciding who their leader is. I am considering it. They have told me about the concept of the deal. They will now tell me the exact meaning of it.”

Trump said that the plan that Iran has just sent us, I will review soon but I do not think it will be acceptable because they have not yet paid a sufficient price for what they have done to humanity and the world in the last 47 years.

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Pakistan is facing a serious fuel crisis amid the ongoing war in West Asia. Petroleum Minister Ali Malik said that the country does not have even one day’s strategic petroleum reserves. In an interview given to Pakistan’s Sama TV, Malik mentioned the serious crisis prevailing in Pakistan and compared the situation with India and said that the country has only 5 to 7 days of commercial crude oil reserves.

What did Malik say about India?
Malik said, “We do not have any strategic oil reserves. We have only commercial reserves. We have enough crude oil for 5-7 days and the product with OMCs can last only for 20-21 days. We are not like India, which has 60-70 days of reserves and which they can release with just one sign.”

Malik said that Pakistan has done adequate research on this subject. An independent consultant has given a detailed report on how Pakistan can manage its strategic stockpiles. The minister said that no action has been taken so far on the report due to the huge costs of operating these oil reserves, which could reach millions of dollars.

Malik told the situation of Pakistan
Malik also pointed out that historically crude oil prices in Dubai have never reached $170, which reflects the extreme volatility in global markets. He said that the Shehbaz Sharif government is trying to reduce the hardships of the people and efforts are being made to provide subsidies as far as possible. He further said that the Pakistani government is keeping a close watch on the situation to ensure the availability of petrol despite global uncertainty due to the Iran-US conflict.

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Total capacity of India’s SPR is 53 lakh metric tons.
The total capacity of India’s strategic petroleum reserves (SPR) is 53 lakh metric tonnes (MMT), which is equivalent to approximately 3692 crore barrels. In contrast, Pakistan does not have strategic petroleum reserves and has only limited commercial reserves. Islamabad has announced a plan to keep reserves of up to 90 days in view of the risks posed in the Strait of Hormuz.

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No consensus has yet been reached between Iran and America to end the war. Meanwhile, Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi met Russian President Vladimir Putin on Monday (27 April 2026). Putin praised Iranians for fighting bravely and valiantly for their sovereignty. He said that Moscow is ready to make every possible effort to help bring peace to West Asia as soon as possible.

Araghchi met Vladimir Putin

According to the report of Russia’s government news agency TASS, Araghchi talked to the leadership of Oman and Pakistan before reaching Moscow. Araghchi met Putin in St. Petersburg and thanked him for his support to Iran. During his meeting with Araghchi, Putin said, ‘Russia is ready to make every possible effort to ensure peace in West Asia as soon as possible.’ Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov was also present in this meeting.

Iran showed courage: Putin

Putin said that he had received a message from Iran’s supreme leader Mojtaba Khamenei last week. He asked Araghchi to express his gratitude on his behalf for this message and to wish him good health and well-being. According to Iran’s state news channel ‘Press TV’, Putin praised the Iranian people for fighting with ‘bravery and courage’ for their sovereignty. Putin said, ‘We hope that on the strength of courage and strong will for independence, under the guidance of the new leader, the Iranian people will come out of this difficult period and peace will be established.’

Iran faced US aggression: Araghchi

Araghchi said that during the recent war, the world saw Iran’s strength in confronting America and the Islamic Republic is a stable and powerful system. He said, ‘The Iranian people have successfully faced the American invasion with their courage.’ He said it has become clear that Iran has a “great friend and ally” like Russia and extended warm greetings to the Russian leadership on behalf of Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei and President Massoud Pezeshkian.

Araghchi said relations between Moscow and Tehran represent a strategic partnership of the highest level and will continue to develop regardless of the circumstances. He said, ‘We are grateful to you for your solid and strong stance in support of the Islamic Republic of Iran.’ Araghchi arrived in Russia after a brief visit to Islamabad, which he said was very meaningful and included good talks with Pakistan Army Chief Field Marshal Asim Munir. The development comes amid uncertainty over a second round of peace talks to resolve the Middle East war.

Progress made in US-Iran talks: Araghchi

Upon reaching St. Petersburg, Araghchi said in a video posted on his Telegram channel, ‘We had meaningful talks with our friends in Pakistan. This journey was successful. We assessed the results of our recent meetings and discussed in what direction and under what circumstances the talks can move forward. Referring to the second round of talks between the US and Iran to resolve the West Asian war, Araghchi said, ‘Progress has been made in the talks.’

According to the Iranian News Agency, despite some progress in the first round, the talks could not reach their objectives due to the attitude of the Americans, their excessive demands and the wrong methods they adopted. Araghchi arrived at St. Petersburg’s Pulkovo airport early Monday, where he was welcomed by Russian officials and Iran’s Ambassador to Russia Kazim Jalali. The first round of peace talks between Iran and the US on 11 and 12 April had failed to bring results for the parties involved in the conflict.

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Diplomatic efforts have intensified amid the ongoing war in West Asia. In this context, a new round of talks between Iran and America is likely to take place in Pakistan’s capital Islamabad on Monday (April 20, 2026). According to Iranian officials, delegations from both the countries can reach Islamabad on Sunday (19 April 2026).

According to Aljazeera’s report, this conversation is taking place at a time when continuous efforts are being made to stop the war in the entire region. Meanwhile, Qatar’s Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan met Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shahbaz Sharif. In this meeting, emphasis was laid on establishing peace in the area and finding a solution through dialogue. Qatar and Turkey have also appreciated Pakistan’s role in this direction.

Asim Munir’s visit to Iran

This meeting took place during the Antalya Diplomacy Forum held in Turkey, where leaders of many countries were present. On the other hand, Pakistan Army Chief Asim Munir met Iran’s Parliament Speaker Mohammad Baqer Ghalibaf in Tehran on Thursday. This meeting is also considered to be a part of efforts to restart the stalled talks between America and Iran. Asim Munir reached Tehran on Wednesday, where he was welcomed by Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi. The purpose of this visit is to create an environment for the second round of talks between the two countries, because no concrete result could be achieved in the earlier talks.

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Talks mediated by Pakistan

The peace talks held in Islamabad on 11 and 12 April were an important effort, in which there was talk of ending the 39-day war between America and Iran. This conversation mediated by Pakistan was historic, but no result could be achieved. Meanwhile, US President Donald Trump has made another big announcement saying that a 10-day ceasefire has been implemented between Israel and Iran-backed Hezbollah. This is being considered an important step towards reducing tension in the area. During this, US President Donald Trump said that he talked to Lebanese President Joseph Aoun and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, after which both sides agreed to this temporary ceasefire. This step has been taken at a time when the situation on the Israel-Lebanon border was quite tense.

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There was a recent phone conversation between Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and US President Donald Trump. President Donald Trump has called it good. On a question asked by ANI, he said that PM Narendra Modi is his friend and there was a very positive discussion between the two. This conversation took place at a time when war is going on in West Asia and diplomatic efforts are being made continuously to stop it.

On Tuesday (April 14, 2026), both the leaders spoke on phone. During this, mutual relations between India and America were reviewed and emphasis was laid on further strengthening cooperation in different fields. Prime Minister Modi also gave information about this conversation on social media platform X. He said that good progress has been made in many areas between the two countries and this partnership will be further strengthened in the coming times.

Special conversation regarding Strait of Hormuz

The situation in West Asia was also discussed in detail in this conversation. Both the leaders expressed concern especially regarding maritime security. He stressed that important sea routes like the Strait of Hormuz should remain open and safe, because this route is very important for global trade and oil supply. Meanwhile, US President Trump also informed that a 10-day ceasefire has been agreed between Israel and Lebanon. This decision has been taken at a time when fighting has been going on between Iran, America and Israel for several weeks. Lebanon has suffered a lot in this war and about 2,200 people have lost their lives.

#WATCH | Responding to ANI’s question on his conversation with PM Narendra Modi, US President Donald Trump says, “I had a very good talk with him and he’s a friend of mine from India and he’s doing great. We had a very good conversation”

(Source: US Network Pool Via Reuters) pic.twitter.com/W9vBuSzHlU

— ANI (@ANI) April 16, 2026

Hezbollah’s statement

Hezbollah, active in Lebanon, has clearly said that the ceasefire should apply to the whole of Lebanon and Israel should not get any kind of military concession in it. On the other hand, Pakistan’s Army Chief also visited Iran and met the officials there. The purpose of this meeting has been said to be to reduce tension in West Asia and to restart talks between America and Iran.

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Disruption in International Oil and Gas Supply: Due to the ongoing fierce war in the Middle East, there has been a disruption in international oil and gas supply, due to which India can import about 10-12 million barrels of crude oil from Venezuela in South America in April. According to data from commodity market analytics firm Kpler, this will be the highest in the last six years. The data also shows that April will be the first month after May last year when Venezuelan crude oil will reach Indian ports.

These barrels, however, represent only a small part of India’s total crude oil imports. Nevertheless, these are expected to provide some relief to the country and strengthen its strategy of diversifying its sources of crude oil. India meets more than 88 percent of its needs through imports and processes more than 5 million barrels of crude oil every day. More than 40% of imports come from West Asia through the Strait of Hormuz, where shipping has almost completely stopped since the beginning of March.

Secure oil supply in India

However, it is worth noting that the Venezuelan oil cargo coming to India was probably purchased even before the war in West Asia started. This shows how beneficial it is to diversify the sources of supply of crude oil in times of global crisis. India has been importing oil from more than 41 countries in the last few years, due to which its dependence on West Asia has reduced and the stock of crude oil, petrol and diesel in the country remains sufficient.

Kpler manager Sumit Ritolia says Indian refiners are already diversifying their crude oil sources, especially due to the uncertainties over the Strait of Hormuz. The ships arriving in April are not an immediate measure but part of a long-term strategy that signals a competitive edge in the global energy market.

India’s refining strengthened by Venezuelan oil

Reliance Industries (RIL) was a major Venezuelan buyer in 2019, but imports stopped due to US sanctions. RIL and other Indian refiners resumed imports after restrictions were eased in October 2023. Venezuelan heavy crude oil helps in producing distillates such as diesel and jet fuel, thereby strengthening India’s distillate production capacity.

In today’s environment, oil import from Venezuela diversifies the sourcing of crude oil and also increases the production capacity of Indian refineries. RIL, Nayara Energy and some government refineries process Venezuelan heavy crude. Refineries of HPCL-Mittal Energy and Indian Oil also process it in limited quantities. Due to this, India’s crude oil processing capacity is gradually increasing.

Due to the Middle East crisis, Indigo has announced to increase fuel surcharge for domestic and international flights. The impact of the sharp rise in the prices of ATF i.e. Air Turbine Fuel has now directly reached the pockets of air passengers. Amidst the pressure of expensive fuel, the country’s largest airline IndiGo has again changed its fuel charge. Now the new rates will be applicable on all new bookings made from April 2, whether domestic or international travel. Earlier, a flat fuel charge of ₹ 425 was applicable on all domestic routes, now it has been decided on the basis of distance.

Charge ₹ 275 for journey up to 500 kilometers

₹400 for 500 to 1000 kilometers

₹600 for 1000 to 1500 kilometers

₹800 for 1500 to 2000 kilometers

Fuel charge of ₹ 950 will have to be paid for flights of more than 2000 kilometers.

There has been some relief on short routes, but the expenses for long distance passengers have increased. Fuel Charge was imposed for the first time on March 14, but due to the ongoing tension in the Middle East and rising fuel prices, the airline had to revise it again. This is the second amendment in just three weeks. Fuel Charge was imposed for the first time on March 14, but due to the ongoing tension in West Asia and rising fuel prices, the airline had to revise it again.

The government has intervened on domestic flights, which has provided some relief to the passengers. The Petroleum Ministry and Civil Aviation Ministry have allowed airlines to pass only a partial increase of up to 25 per cent so that there is no sudden jump in ticket prices. The picture is completely different on international flights. Here no limit has been set by the government due to which there has been a sharp increase in fuel charge.

Multifold increase in international routes in three weeks

On March 14, fuel surcharge was fixed at around ₹ 900 for Middle East, ₹ 1,800 for South Asia and China, ₹ 2,300 for Europe. Now from April 2, you will have to pay fuel charge of ₹ 3,000 to ₹ 5,000 for Middle East, ₹ 3,500 to ₹ 5,000 for South Asia and China, ₹ 7,500 for Turkey-Greece and ₹ 10,000 on Europe route. In just three weeks, fuel charges for international travel have increased three to four times.

Fuel charge will affect tickets

This increase in fuel charge will have a direct impact on the total price of the ticket. Especially in international and long distance flights, passengers will now have to pay more than before. The airline says that it has not passed the entire burden on the passengers, but if ATF prices continue to rise like this, there may be a further increase in airfare in the future. According to IATA’s Jet Fuel Monitor, fuel prices in this region have increased by more than 130 percent in the last one month. On international routes, the price of ATF has more than doubled in a month.

All this has happened at a time when the Petroleum Ministry and the Civil Aviation Ministry have jointly decided that only a partial increase of 25 percent will be given to airlines for domestic operations. For this reason, IndiGo has not put the entire burden on the passengers and has fixed different fuel charges according to the distance.