Rice Farming: Monsoon is starting across the country and with it, farmers start preparing for paddy cultivation in the fields. Good yield in paddy cultivation is not only achieved by choosing the right variety, but also by doing every step properly, from nursery preparation to transplantation, fertilizer management and initial care of the crop. According to agricultural experts, due to haste or lack of knowledge, farmers often make such mistakes in paddy cultivation, which directly impact the production.

From breakage of paddy roots to applying fertilizer at wrong time and wrong management of water in one’s fields, many small carelessness weakens the crop. In such a situation, let us tell you today which mistakes can be costly in paddy cultivation and what warnings do experts give for this.

Do not be hasty while taking out plants from the nursery.

According to agricultural experts, before uprooting the plants from the paddy nursery, adequate water should be given in the plant beds a day before. Due to this, the soil becomes soft and there is no extra pressure on the roots while taking out the sapling. If the seedlings are pulled along with dry soil, the risk of root breakage increases, due to which the seedlings are not able to set properly after transplanting in the main field. While removing the sapling, one should hold the lower part of its stem and pull it straight upwards, so that the roots remain safe and the soil gets separated easily. Experts say that the uprooted sapling should not be kept in the open for a long time and its transplantation should be completed within 24 hours, because if there is a longer delay, the chances of survival of the plant would reduce.

Preparation of the field before planting is also necessary

Good preparation of the main field is considered very important for successful paddy cultivation. After plowing the field two to three times, puddling should be done by filling it with water. This flattens the soil and increases its water holding capacity, due to which the newly planted sapling continues to get adequate moisture in the initial days. During transplantation, instead of planting plants close together, a certain distance should be followed. It is considered appropriate to keep the distance from line to line at about 20 cm and the distance from plant to plant at about 15 cm. After planting two to three healthy plants at one place, shoots emerge well and the crop grows better.

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Take care of water and nutrition in the initial days

After transplantation, it is necessary to maintain about two to three inches of water in the field for the first week. This helps the new roots to hold the soil and also protects the plants from the effects of heat and strong sunlight. During this period, the correct amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash should be used on the basis of soil test. If there is zinc deficiency in the field then use of zinc sulphate is also considered beneficial. This improves the growth of the plants and keeps them safe from many problems.

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Farming Tips: As soon as the month of June arrives, discussions start everywhere regarding sowing of paddy. Most of the farmers cultivate paddy only. In which the cost is very high and due to shortage of water the risk always remains. But if you are thinking of doing something different. So this season can prove to be the biggest opportunity for you to change your luck.

Leaving aside the huge cost and hassle of paddy, you can try some such special crops this June. Which can be prepared in very short time and very little water. The demand for these crops is always sky high in the market. Due to which you get many times more returns than your cost. So let us tell you that this time by betting on which crops instead of paddy, you can earn huge profits.

Pulse crops will give good profits

This June, except paddy, you can sow pulse crops like moong and urad. The biggest specialty of moong and urad is that these crops become fully ripe within just 60 to 65 days. In these, water consumption is nominal as compared to paddy and the cost of fertilizers and medicines is also very less. In today’s time, the prices of pulses are continuously increasing in the market.

Due to which farmers get very good and direct profits on their sale. The best thing is that the roots of legume plants naturally increase the amount of nitrogen in the soil. Due to which the fertility of your land also gets strengthened and the field gets prepared for the next crop without any extra expenditure.

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You can also bet on oilseed crops

Apart from pulse crops, cultivation of oilseed crops is also beneficial for you this month. In the last week of June, you can start sowing crops like soybean, sesame or groundnut. Due to the huge demand for edible oils in the country, the government is also promoting these crops and their prices in the market always remain fixed and high.

In growing these crops, there is neither the tension of keeping the fields filled with water day and night nor much maintenance is required. These oilseed crops, which are produced at low cost, can easily withstand even the dry season.

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Paddy Nursery Tips: With the beginning of Kharif season, farmers have started preparing for paddy nursery. But this time the record breaking heat of May-June and the temperature reaching 44 degrees has become a big problem. In such extreme heat, there is a high risk of germination of paddy seeds becoming weak and the plants getting scorched and turning yellow. Agricultural experts say that a temperature of 30 to 35 degrees is best for better growth of paddy.

But in the current situation it is too much. In such a situation, if correct technology and scientific methods are not used, the entire crop can be ruined. However, by keeping in mind the right time and some special precautions, a healthy and excellent nursery can be prepared even in this scorching heat.

special preparation of the field

According to experts, to avoid the scorching heat, long duration paddy varieties should be sown in nurseries in the last week of May and medium duration varieties should be sown from June 10 to 15. The most important thing is to always plant the nursery in the evening to protect it from strong sunlight and heat waves.

choosing the right time

While choosing a field for the nursery, keep in mind that there should be natural shade from trees or gardens or prepare it on the banks of crops like maize and millet. Before sowing, plow the field well and add a mixture of 5 baskets of rotten cow dung, potash, DAP, urea, sulfur and mustard cake per 3 decimil of land.

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seed treatment

Proper treatment of seeds is very important for a healthy nursery. Before sowing, soak the paddy seeds in fungicide and antibiotic solution for about 6 to 8 hours. Then take them out and tie them in a moist cloth so that germination can happen properly. The method of irrigation matters most in the summer season.

correct method of irrigation

Always water the nursery in the evening and drain out the excess water accumulated in the field in the morning. Do not irrigate even by mistake in the strong afternoon sun, otherwise the hot water will completely burn the delicate plants. When the nursery is 21 to 25 days old, then transplant it in the main field keeping scientific distance.

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Azolla Farming: The increasing cost of paddy cultivation is becoming a big problem for the farmers. Especially the increasing expenditure on urea and other fertilizers also affects the pockets of farmers. In such a situation, agricultural scientists advise farmers to use Azolla. According to experts, Azolla is a natural organic fertilizer which along with providing essential nutrients to the paddy crop, also helps in improving the health of the soil. In such a situation, let us now tell you why Azolla is left in the field after planting paddy and how it reduces the cost of farming and how the health of the soil will improve.

What is Azolla?

Azolla is a small water-growing plant, which spreads rapidly on the surface of water. Its biggest specialty is that it absorbs the nitrogen present in the atmosphere and converts it into useful form through that crop. For this reason it is considered organic fertilizer.

How is it used in paddy field?

According to experts, Azolla is sown in the field about 15 to 20 days after transplantation of paddy. When there is sufficient water in the field, Azolla starts spreading on the surface of the water. It grows slowly and releases many nutrients including nitrogen into the soil. When Azolla grows, it acts like green manure and increases the amount of organic matter in the soil.

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How is the cost of farming reduced?

Paddy cultivation requires a large amount of nitrogen for good growth, which farmers usually fulfill through urea. Azolla provides nitrogen naturally, which can reduce the need for urea and other chemical fertilizers by 25 to 30 percent. This reduces the expenditure on fertilizers and makes farming more profitable. Apart from this, continuous use of chemical fertilizers can affect the quality of soil. Azolla helps in increasing organic carbon and nutrients in the soil. This improves the fertility of the soil and maintains production capacity for a long time.

Useful in weed problem and also in animal husbandry.

Azolla covers the entire surface of the water. Due to this, sunlight is not able to reach the bottom and the growth of weeds is reduced. As a result, farmers have to spend less on weeding and labor costs also reduce. 20 to 30 percent protein is found in Azolla. This is the reason why it is also used as nutritious fodder for animals. Many farmers are earning extra profit by using it in paddy cultivation as well as animal husbandry.

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