By Admin 
Ozone Pollution Health Effects: A few months ago, the Central Pollution Control Board had told the National Green Tribunal that the area most affected by ground-level ozone (O₃) pollution is the National Capital Region, followed by the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. In the affidavit filed in the tribunal, CPCB analyzed the ozone level in 10 big areas of the country. According to the report, in 2023, 25 out of 57 air monitoring stations in NCR were more than 2 percent above the national eight-hour ozone standard. The situation was no different in Mumbai too, where 22 out of 45 stations had crossed the safe limit. NGT had taken suo motu cognizance of this matter on the basis of a news report last August, in which concern was expressed about the increasing ozone pollution in India. Let us tell you how they are harming your lungs.
What problem does this cause?
According to a PIB report, air pollution is one of the major reasons that increases respiratory diseases and their related problems. The CPCB has not conducted any specific survey on the health problems caused by exposure to ground-level ozone, but the following facts emerge regarding the effects of ozone (O₃):
- If ozone is inhaled, problems like chest pain, cough, nausea, throat irritation and congestion may occur.
- The effect of O₃ makes diseases like bronchitis, heart disease, emphysema and asthma more serious and can reduce the capacity of the lungs.
- Prolonged exposure to ozone can also cause permanent damage to the lungs.
- This makes the body more sensitive to allergens i.e. allergy causing factors.
How much damage does it cause to the lungs?
According to the US Environmental Agency (EPA), ground-level ozone directly reduces lung function. Ozone affects the inner lining of the airways when inhaled, which can cause swelling and irritation. The EPA states that ozone exposure can make it difficult to take deep breaths and that readings measuring lung capacity, such as FEV₁, have also been found to reduce immediately. This effect is more visible in people who already have asthma, bronchitis or other respiratory problems.
The EPA also states that repeated or prolonged exposure to ozone pollution can cause permanent damage to lung tissue. Due to continuous inflammation and oxidative stress, the airways become thick and over time, scarring can form in the lungs, which is not reversible. This is why ozone is considered a silent lung damager, which gradually reduces lung capacity and makes respiratory diseases more serious.
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Disclaimer: This information is based on research studies and expert opinion. Do not consider this as a substitute for medical advice. Before adopting any new activity or exercise, please consult your doctor or relevant specialist.
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